Atrial Septal Defect (Asd)

Atrial Septal Defect (ASD) is one of the most common congenital heart defects. This condition is characterized by the presence of a hole in the interatrial septum, which separates the right and left atria. As a result of the defect, blood can flow from the left atrium to the right, which leads to overload and expansion of the right side of the heart.

ASD may be present from birth or appear later in life. Congenital ASD is caused by abnormalities in the development of the heart in the early fetal period. In some cases, ASD may be associated with genetic disorders or hereditary factors. It is also possible to develop acquired ASD as a result of damage to the heart, such as a myocardial infarction or infection.

Symptoms of ASD can vary depending on the size of the defect. Some patients may have no obvious symptoms, especially those with mild ASD. However, large defects can cause the following manifestations:

1. Short-term shortness of breath during physical activity.
2. Fatigue and weakness.
3. Increased susceptibility to respiratory infections.
4. Throbbing in the neck.
5. The appearance of blueness on the lips, nails or skin (cyanosis).

The diagnosis of ASD can be made using a variety of testing methods, including echocardiography, electrocardiogram (ECG), and chest x-ray. These studies can determine the size and location of the defect, as well as evaluate the condition of the heart and circulatory system.

Treatment for ASD may include conservative methods or surgical correction. For small defects and no symptoms, observation and follow-up examinations may be recommended. However, most patients with symptoms or significant defects require surgical intervention to close the ASD. Surgical treatment can be performed through traditional open surgery or using minimally invasive techniques such as catheterization procedures.

The prognosis for patients with ASD is usually good if identified and treated early. After successful correction of a heart defect, most patients lead active and healthy lives. However, regular monitoring and monitoring by a cardiologist is always recommended to ensure optimal heart health and prevent possible complications.

In summary, Atrial Septal Defect (ASD) is a congenital condition characterized by the presence of a hole in the interatrial septum. This can lead to right atrium overload and possible complications if not detected and treated promptly.

Although some patients may experience no symptoms, large defects can cause shortness of breath, fatigue, increased susceptibility to infection, and bluish skin. Diagnosis is based on various examination methods such as echocardiography and chest x-ray.

Treatment may include observation, conservative methods, or surgical correction. Patients with symptoms or significant defects usually require surgery to close the ASD. The prognosis is usually good after successful correction, and most patients lead healthy and active lives.

It is important to note that the article contains a brief description of atrial septal defect (ASD). If necessary, for more detailed information and advice, you should contact a medical professional or sources specializing in this disease.

Atrial septal defect (Asd) is a congenital defect in the septum between the right and left atria, which allows their blood to mix. This condition can be caused by various factors. Often the defect is a consequence of injuries in children and newborns, in which the septum may not completely close during embryonic development. As a result, a hole is formed between the atria through which a small amount of blood passes from one atrium to the other.

Normally, throughout life, the septum is restored, closing without a trace. However, in some cases the interatrial septum does not close completely. Such cases are considered to be an atrial septal defect, and the child or adult who has been diagnosed with this defect is considered a carrier of the atrial septal defect.

Violation of the integrity of the interatrial septum can be accompanied by symptoms such as: - *Heart rhythm disturbances* - which, therefore, can cause disturbances in heart rhythm and palpitations. - *Fatigue and weakness* – May accompany chest pain and fatigue. - *Rarely, but a cough may appear* – against the background of paroxysm of atrial fibrillation