Barotrauma (Barotraumd)

Barotraumd is a medical term that describes damage to the ear, eustachian tube, or paranasal sinuses that occurs due to changes in ambient pressure. These pressure changes can occur while flying, snorkeling, or diving. Barotrauma can be caused by either a sudden change in pressure or prolonged exposure to low pressure.

Ear barotrauma usually manifests as ear pain, hearing loss, or tinnitus. It can be caused by pressure changes during an airplane flight, or during rapid descent or ascent during snorkeling or diving. Painful sensations in the ear may be associated with damage to the eardrum or other structures of the ear. In more severe cases, the eardrum may rupture, which can lead to hearing loss.

Barotrauma of the auditory (Eustachian) tube occurs when the pressure in the ear cavity does not correspond to the pressure in the external environment. This can happen when a person is at great height or depth. This results in a feeling of fullness in the ears, tinnitus, hearing loss and even dizziness. In more severe cases, damage to the eustachian tube may occur.

Sinus barotrauma is associated with changes in sinus pressure. This can occur when there is a change in height or depth, which can lead to a feeling of pressure in the eye area, nasal congestion and pain in the forehead.

To prevent barotrauma, it is recommended to gradually change the height or depth at which a person is located. You can also take steps to relieve ear pressure, such as chewing gum or swallowing saliva. If symptoms of barotrauma occur, consult a doctor immediately.

In conclusion, barotrauma is a serious medical condition that can occur when ambient pressure changes. It can damage the ear, Eustachian tube, or paranasal sinuses. To prevent barotrauma, it is necessary to gradually change the height or depth and consult a doctor if symptoms occur.

Barotrauma: Damage to the ear and sinuses caused by pressure changes

Barotrauma, also known as barotrauma, is a condition in which damage to the auditory (eustachian) tube, ear, or paranasal sinuses occurs as a result of changes in ambient pressure. This condition can occur in a variety of situations, such as flying in airplanes or diving deep underwater.

The hearing organs and adjacent structures inside the ear are very sensitive to changes in pressure. Standard atmospheric pressure at sea level is about 760 mmHg. When we rise to great heights or descend to great depths, the pressure in the environment changes. These changes may have a negative impact on some parts of the ear.

One of the most common forms of barotrauma is middle ear barotrauma, which occurs as a result of improper pressure equalization between the middle ear and the surrounding environment. Normally, the pressure in the middle ear must be equal to the pressure in the surrounding environment so that the eardrum can vibrate freely. However, with sudden changes in pressure, for example during takeoff or descent of an airplane, this balance is disrupted, which can cause pain and damage to the auditory system.

Similar symptoms may also be associated with barotrauma of the eustachian tube, which is responsible for evenly distributing pressure between the middle ear and throat. If this tube is blocked or does not function properly, a pressure imbalance occurs, which can lead to ear pain.

In addition to ear injuries, barotrauma can also affect the sinuses. When immersed under water to a significant depth, the water pressure outward can be significantly higher than the pressure inside the sinuses. This can cause compression and damage to the sinuses, resulting in pain in the face and nose.

To prevent barotrauma, certain measures are recommended. When flying on airplanes, it is recommended to chew gum or swallow saliva to stimulate the function of the eustachian tube and facilitate pressure equalization. When diving underwater, it is important to control the speed of your dive and perform proper pressure equalization techniques, such as the "swallow" method or the use of special techniques recommended for diving.

If barotrauma occurs, you must seek medical help. Treatment may include the use of painkillers and the use of vasoconstrictor drops to relieve swelling and restore normal functioning of the auditory system. In more severe cases, surgery may be required to correct the damage.

In general, barotrauma is a potential complication associated with changes in ambient pressure during airplane flights or diving. Following guidelines for prevention and proper pressure management can help reduce the risk of this condition. If you experience symptoms of barotrauma, it is important to see a medical professional for diagnosis and treatment.

Knowing the risks and taking appropriate precautions will help you enjoy flying and diving while minimizing the possibility of developing barotrauma and maintaining the health of your auditory system and sinuses.

Barotrauma – damage to the ear caused by changes in barometric air pressure (the frequency of pressure fluctuations relative to the average value).

Occurs when flying on an airplane, swimming in the sea, and even when diving or rising from the depths of a pool or bath. This type of injury is combined or develops independently with other types of ear injury - frostbite, contusion, injury to the parotid tissues.

**Fainting: what is it** The development of a fainting state occurs through the following mechanisms: - stimulation of the vestibular