Biology Population

Population biology is a biological science that studies the structure and laws of development of populations of living organisms. The study of population biology is an important aspect for understanding the processes of evolution and adaptation of species to the environment.

A population is a group of organisms of the same species that lives in a certain area and interacts with each other. Population biology studies the structure and functioning of populations and their interactions with the environment. It studies the genetic and environmental factors that influence the reproduction, growth, and survival of organisms in a population.

One of the basic concepts of population biology is population. This is a group of organisms that have a common origin and are found in the same territory. A population can be represented by one species or several species.

The main tasks of population biology:

1. Analysis of population structure: determination of numbers, density, distribution of individuals, sex and age groups, structure of the gene pool.
2. Analysis of interactions between populations: identification of factors influencing population dynamics, migration of individuals, competition for resources.
3. Analysis of population dynamics: determination of the population growth rate, factors influencing the growth rate, mortality of individuals.
4. Study of adaptation mechanisms: identifying the mechanisms by which a population adapts to changing environmental conditions.
5. Study of genetic mechanisms: identification of genetic factors that influence population structure and dynamics.
6. Study of ecological mechanisms: identifying environmental factors that influence population structure and dynamics.

Population biology is an independent complex scientific discipline that studies the population in a particular habitat (including humans), the laws of its change and the numerical distribution of individuals of all species of a given ecosystem in a certain space at a certain point in time (the numerical characteristic of a population is known as its density) .

**Population** is the basic structural unit of a species and the elementary unit of evolution, since all the most important evolutionary processes occur precisely at the population level