Proteinemia is a disorder of protein metabolism in the body, expressed as an increase in the level of protein in the blood serum. The main plasma protein makes up no more than 57% of the total protein content in the blood; Normally this figure is about 65-75%.
Excess protein entering the blood plasma, depending on the amount, can be removed by the kidneys, as well as the liver or intestines. But, if the pathological process is started or its condition is too aggravated, then a failure occurs, as a result of which the protein begins to go beyond the boundaries of these organs and then proteinemic syndrome appears.
If we consider proteinemia based on the pathology for which this disorder is characteristic, we can distinguish the following groups: * Genetic. These include congenital metabolic defects that disrupt the breakdown and synthesis of protein molecules, and hereditary diseases associated with this. For example, multiple amino acidemia, Fabry disease, hydrokyuraminosuria, osteogenesis imperfecta, homocystinuria; * Exogenous. Is a consequence of exposure to toxins or medications such as insulin, thyroxine, anticoagulants, etc.; * Renal. Occurs due to impaired glomerular filtration, which can be caused by poisoning with organophosphorus compounds, nephrotic syndrome, and amyloidosis. This type also develops with mechanical damage to the kidneys; * Hepatic. Hepatitis and cirrhosis of the liver cause increased protein levels as a result of impaired protein synthesis