Conductometry

Conductometry is a method for determining the electrical conductivity of liquids and solutions, which is based on measuring the electric current flowing through a sample. This method is widely used in various fields of science and industry, such as chemistry, biology, medicine and electrical engineering.

The operating principle of a conductometer is based on measuring the resistance of a sample. When an electric current passes through a sample, it causes a change in voltage at its ends. This change in voltage is measured using electrodes connected to a conductivity meter.

Conductivity meters can be of various types, depending on their design and operating principle. For example, there are conductometers based on measuring the change in resistance of a sample with a change in temperature, or conductometers based on measuring the capacitance of a sample.

Application of conductometry in various fields.

In chemistry, the conductometric method is used to determine the concentration of ions, as well as to analyze the composition of solutions. In medicine, conductometry is used to measure the concentration of electrolytes in blood and other biological fluids, which makes it possible to diagnose various diseases.

The conductometric method of analysis is widely used in industry for monitoring various technological processes, mainly as express methods of monitoring on electrodes without preliminary preparation, as well as for laboratory monitoring.

The principle of the method is to change the electrical conductivity of the solution depending on the concentration of the analyzed component in it due to the formation of an ion pair or a change in the degree of ionization of the component. The electrical conductivity value is measured with a platinum or glass cone or a special electrode and is proportional to the concentration of the controlled component in the solution. Using this method, you can solve many complex problems:

1. Determination of the concentration of strong and weak electrolytes and pH of the solution 2. Study of the kinetics of chemical reactions 3. Determination of constants