Convection

Convection: the phenomenon of energy and mass transfer in liquids and gases. And although the meaning of the word comes from the Latin “convectio”, the essence of the phenomenon varies from nature to nature. Natural convection is the transfer of internal energy of heat flow. Water convection is the convective movement of masses of air or water vapor within volumes of water masses. When a heat source impacts a fluid, it changes the density of the fluid near the heat source and causes a denser layer near the bottom and a thinner layer near the surface. These density fluctuations lead to the appearance of convective flows. This phenomenon is called natural convection. Natural convection plays an important role in heat transfer in the atmosphere and ocean water. It also has major implications in meteorology, geology and food production. In industry, especially in refrigeration and heat transfer processes, heated air (sometimes called warm air) is often used. Heating the air is an alternative to using steam. Air can be heated or cooled by changing its pressure, creating condensation and dissipating inversion. The air temperature can be raised to the point where the relative humidity is only about 0.1%. The process of changing air pressure is called radiative convection. There is currently no reliable natural convention mechanism. Artificial convection means the exchange of heat between bodies of different temperatures. Thus, a person comes into contact with a mass of atmospheric air. Looking at the temperature, it has a gradient. Heated air particles rise upward, and cold air particles rise downward. There are often situations when, due to temperature differences, intense vortices appear, creating flows of movement of air masses. This process is called air circle flows. By and large, heat flow is taken into account here. Artificial convection is the transfer of heat from a hot body to a cold one. The surface of the body that transfers heat is called a radiator. Heat transfer can occur both by radiation and by thermal conduction processes.