Epithelium Multilayer

Stratified epithelium is a layer of cells that covers the surface of the skin and mucous membranes. It consists of several layers of cells that are located one above the other. Each layer has its own function and structure.

The first layer is the basal layer. It consists of basal cells, which are the oldest cells of the epithelium. They are round in shape and located close to each other. Basal cells produce new cells and maintain the integrity of the epithelium.

The second layer is the spinous layer. This layer consists of spinous cells, which have larger nuclei and longer processes than the basal cells. The spinous cells also produce new cells.

The third layer is the granular layer. This layer contains cells called granule cells. Granular cells have larger nuclei than spinous cells, and they contain granules that contain proteins and lipids.

The fourth layer is the stratum corneum. The stratum corneum consists of keratinized cells called corneocytes. Corneocytes have a very dense membrane that protects the skin from external influences.

Each layer of stratified epithelium has its own function. The stratum basale promotes the growth of new cells and maintains the integrity of the epithelium, the stratum spinosum produces new cells, the stratum granulosum protects the skin from mechanical damage, and the stratum corneum protects the skin from external influences and is involved in the formation of sebum.

Multilayer epithelium plays an important role in protecting the skin and mucous membranes from external influences such as bacteria, viruses, chemicals and other environmental factors. In addition, multilayer epithelium is involved in the regulation of body temperature, metabolism and other processes in the body.

However, if the stratified epithelium is damaged or its functioning is impaired, this can lead to various diseases of the skin and mucous membranes, such as eczema, psoriasis, atopic dermatitis and others.