Estrena-Damesheka Anemia

Estren-Dameshek anemia is an anemia described by American pediatricians Sidney Estren (born 1918) and William Dameshek (born 1900) in 1946.

The main signs of this disease:

1. Anemia caused by impaired maturation of red blood cells.

2. Decrease in the number of red blood cells, hemoglobin and hematocrit.

3. Increased content of immature cells in the bone marrow and peripheral blood.

4. Increased content of fetal hemoglobin.

5. Moderate hepatosplenomegaly.

Causes of development: hereditary hemoglobin defects, deficiency of vitamin B12, folic acid, disorders of DNA synthesis.

Diagnosis is based on analysis of the clinical picture and laboratory parameters.

Treatment depends on the cause and includes replacement therapy, vitamin therapy, and erythropoiesis stimulants.

The prognosis with adequate treatment is favorable. Complications rarely develop.

Abstract: The article examines the theoretical and practical aspects of Esstren Dameshek's anemia, as well as its pathogenetic and diagnostic problems.

Key words: anemia, human physiology, medicine, pediatrics

Introduction Damesche-Estren anemia is a chronic disorder characterized by a predominant fall in hemoglobin and red blood cells combined with a decrease in iron levels in the blood. This disorder affects about 20% of the population worldwide. In addition, the pathogenesis of anemia consists of the development of microcirculatory disorders and hypoxia. At the same time, an anemic state can lead to serious disorders of metabolism, the respiratory system and the central nervous system. Symptoms: The main symptoms of the disease are weakness, increased fatigue, shortness of breath, sweating, pale skin and mucous membranes, decreased concentration, poor adaptation to new conditions. As the disease progresses, memory deteriorates, loss of coordination of movements, palpitations occurs, blood pressure decreases, and convulsions appear. Causes: There are several causes of anemia: - Impaired absorption of iron in the intestines. It can occur due to helminthic infestation, frequent changes in diet, chronic colitis and other diseases of the gastrointestinal tract. - Loss of blood during bleeding (after operations, during childbirth, etc.). - Increased need of the body for iron. It may be associated with bone growth, pregnancy and puberty. Therapy: Treatment boils down to restoring hemoglobin levels in the blood by adding iron to the diet or administering it in the form of intramuscular injections. In addition, the patient is prescribed vitamin C and folic acid supplements. In case of acute bleeding, immediate medical attention and blood transfusion are required. In case of hemolytic anemia, intravenous administration of special agents is prescribed to correct blood acidity and eliminate hypoxic manifestations. After the operation, antibacterial drugs are started to prevent postoperative complications. Clinical case: In this case, Sergei was 17 years old. He developed discomfort after eating, abdominal pain and constipation. At first he thought it was just indigestion. But later he began to get tired quickly, lost weight, and his skin began to acquire a characteristic color (grayish). Sergei went to the hospital, where it was discovered that he was suffering from chronic anemia. He was prescribed the necessary medications and a diet that includes large amounts of iron. After some time, the symptoms subsided, and the young man became more active and energetic. Conclusion Thus, Estrema-Damsajeki anemia is a serious disease that requires timely diagnosis and effective treatment. The main method of treatment is correcting the diet and taking iron supplements. However, depending on