Expressed Emotion

Expressed Emotion is a concept that describes the degree of warmth or hostility in a relationship between two people based on what one person says about the other. The term is commonly used in the context of mental disorders such as schizophrenia, bipolar disorder and depression.

High levels of criticism and hostility between members of the same family can lead to a deterioration in the condition of mentally ill people. Research shows that people with mental disorders who have high levels of expressed emotion have a higher risk of relapse and lower chances of recovery.

The term "expressed emotion" was originally coined in 1950 by Bill Brown to describe the degree of negative emotion that is expressed between family members and its impact on a patient with schizophrenia. Brown found that high levels of expressed emotion in patients' family members was a strong predictor of relapse in mental disorders.

Expressed emotion has three main components: criticism, hostility, and emotional overload. Criticism refers to frequently making negative comments about a patient's behavior. Hostility indicates the attitude of family members towards the patient as the source of problems. Emotional overload refers to the intensity of emotions expressed by family members towards the patient.

Although expressed emotion was originally developed as a tool to measure family relationships in patients with schizophrenia, it has also been applied in studies of other mental disorders such as bipolar disorder, depression, and personality disorders.

Research continues to show that high levels of expressed emotion in family members of patients with mental disorders is associated with patients' lower adherence to treatment and a higher likelihood of relapse. Therefore, given the impact of expressed emotion on treatment outcomes, psychotherapists and mental health professionals can help family members improve their relationships and reduce the level of expressed emotion to improve treatment outcomes.

Expression of emotion is the degree of warmth or hostility in a relationship between two people based on what one person says about the other. High levels of criticism and hostility between members of the same family can lead to a deterioration in the condition of mentally ill people.

The expression of emotions is assessed by such parameters as criticism, hostility and emotional involvement of one person towards another. The higher the level of negative emotions (criticism, hostility), the worse it affects the mental health of the target of these emotions.

Research shows that mentally ill people who return to families with high levels of emotional expression have a higher risk of relapse than those who return to families with low levels of emotional expression. Therefore, assessing emotional expression within the family is important to prevent relapse and improve mental health treatment outcomes.

The expression of emotion is a psychological phenomenon that manifests itself in communication between people and reflects their attitude towards each other, as well as the degree of warmth or hostility in the relationship. It is a process by which each member of society conveys his or her emotional response to the actions, words and deeds of another person. The expression of emotions is manifested in verbal and non-verbal communication, which can be either gestures, facial expressions, or voice intonation.

Based on emotional expressions, it is possible to identify various factors such as psychological states, cultural context, age and other characteristics that influence people's communication with each other. This helps not only to better understand the feelings of other people, but also to manage your emotional reaction in certain situations. It is important to remember to recognize and understand that emotional expressions can be interpreted differently and have different meanings for different people. In addition, understanding your own emotions helps you anticipate the possible consequences of their expression and maintain a positive atmosphere when communicating with others.

Examples of expressing emotions include swear words addressed to another person, insults, humiliation, criticism, compliments, praise, encouragement, or, conversely, neglect. They often determine the extent of relationships between people in different social systems. The emotion expressed may relate to purely business aspects, such as competition or the desire to gain respect from the other person, or relate to personal aspects of the relationship, such as friendship or love. All these emotional manifestations can significantly influence the environment and activities, as well as characterize the social life of people. Also, the expression of emotions can be manifested in solving interpersonal problems and achieving harmony in interpersonal relationships. Studying the mechanisms of formation and regulation of behavior associated with the expression of emotions can help to understand many social phenomena.

The expression of emotion is often observed in interpersonal communication, where it occurs naturally in connection with personal or work relationships, or may be triggered by certain situations, such as surprise or stress. It plays an important role in the formation of public culture and social level, allows people to understand each other, helps to establish