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The maxillary sinus is a cavity in the bones of the skull that communicates with the nasal cavity. It is located in the area of ​​the cheekbones and wings of the nose. The cavity provides protection to the maxillary branch of the trigeminal nerve. Normally, the skin lining the cavity is rich in sebaceous glands (apocrine), which allows it to moisturize on its own. Excessive or insufficient mucus secretion leads to the formation of mucous deposits, which can irritate the skin, resulting in an inflammatory disease.

Typical diseases of the maxillary sinus include inflammation, polyp formation and hypertrophy. Sinusitis is an acute and chronic inflammatory process of the mucous membrane of the upper compartment - the maxillary (maxillary) cavity. It can be unilateral or bilateral, causing concomitant diseases of the nose and oral cavity. It is also often a complication of ARVI and influenza. In addition to the common cold, sinusitis can be caused by factors such as allergies, developmental defects, frequent respiratory infections and rhinitis. There is a group of people who are predisposed to sinusitis; for example, with a genetic predisposition, the body rarely produces immunoglobulins A, which prevents an attack on the mucous membrane. It is more common in adults and the elderly, less common in children. If left untreated, it can lead to damage to surrounding tissues, even the meninges, with a fatal outcome. Symptoms can include not only pain in the corresponding half of the face, but also loss of appetite, headache and aches in the forehead and temple, and thickening of the blood. Subfebrile body temperature, severe swelling, and severe lymphadenitis are possible. Moreover, common colds are not the only cause of sinusitis symptoms.