Glia

Glia are a group of cells that play an important role in the functioning of the nervous system. They are a special type of cell that performs many functions, including supporting and protecting neurons, as well as participating in the transmission of signals between them.

Glia are composed of two main types of cells: astrocytes and oligodendrocytes. Astrocytes are the most common type of glia and cover most of the surface of the brain. They have many functions, including protecting neurons from damage, regulating glucose levels in the brain, and participating in the transmission of electrical signals.

Oligodendrocytes, on the other hand, form the myelin sheath around the axons of neurons. This sheath allows for rapid transmission of electrical signals and protects axons from damage.

Both groups of glia play an important role in maintaining the health of the nervous system and ensuring its normal functioning. However, in some diseases, such as multiple sclerosis or epilepsy, glia can become pathological and lead to serious disturbances in the functioning of the nervous system.

In general, glia play a key role in the functioning of the brain and nervous system as a whole. Its functions include supporting, protecting and regulating nerve tissue, as well as facilitating the rapid and efficient transmission of electrical signals between neurons.