Gnotobiotic

Gnotobiotic (from Ancient Greek γνῶσις - knowledge and βίος - life) is a term used to describe a germ-free environment or a germ-free animal that is injected with certain known microorganisms.

Gnotobiotic animals are raised in sterile conditions, completely free of microorganisms. Then carefully selected strains of bacteria, viruses or other microorganisms are introduced into their bodies. This allows precise control of the microflora of such animals for scientific experiments.

Gnotobiotic models are widely used in microbiology, immunology, gastroenterology and other fields to study the interaction of microorganisms and macroorganisms, the role of microbiota in the development of diseases, testing probiotics and prebiotics. In addition, gnotobiotic animals are used in the breeding of germ-free laboratory animals with known microbiological status.

Gnotobiology (English gnotobiology; from ancient Greek γνώθι - “know” and βιολογία - “biology”) is a branch of biology that studies living organisms and their interaction with the environment under conditions of artificially created purity and sterility. Currently, gnotobiology is most often called the branch of microbiology that deals with the study of microorganisms and bacterial communities in the absence of a microbial environment.

Gnotobiological models make it possible to study both the influence of microorganisms on the host organism and the influence of the host organism on the development of microorganisms. The gnotobiological approach allows us to study the influence of microbes on physiological processes, as well as on the processes of development and functioning of various organs and systems of the body. The study of the microbiome of humans and animals is one of the most important tasks of modern biology.

Various methods are currently used to create sterile organisms, such as using an antibiotic to inhibit bacterial growth in an animal or creating an organism where all cells are derived from a single fertilized egg. There is also a method of creating an organism in which all cells are genetically modified, which eliminates all known microbes from the body.

Today, there are many methods to create a germ-free environment, but the most effective is the use of antibiotics. Antibiotics are used to suppress the growth of microbes in the body, creating a sterile environment. However, the use of antibiotics can lead to the development of resistance in microorganisms, which may make the continued use of these methods impossible. Therefore, the development of new methods for creating a sterile environment is an urgent task of modern biology.

Gnotobiotics are living organisms grown under conditions that exclude them from contact with fungi, bacteria and other microorganisms throughout their life. They are used to study the influence of microbes on the development and growth of living beings.

These organisms are obtained by isolation from microorganisms using: * antimicrobial/antibi