Hemoconcentration - (from Greek haima - blood + Latin concentratio - thickening; synonym - thickening of blood) is an increase in the concentration of blood cells (erythrocytes, leukocytes, platelets) and plasma proteins per unit volume of circulating blood.
Hemoconcentration occurs when the liquid part of the blood (plasma) is lost or fluid is retained in the body. Causes of hemoconcentration may include dehydration, blood loss, diarrhea, vomiting, increased sweating, burns, severe infections, kidney or heart failure.
Clinical signs of hemoconcentration are increased blood viscosity, accelerated ESR, and hypercoagulation. Hemoconcentration leads to impaired microcirculation and tissue hypoxia. Treatment consists of replenishing fluid deficiency and normalizing water and electrolyte balance.