Hypertension

What it is?

Hypertension is a chronic disease characterized by increased blood pressure. In hypertension, blood pressure exceeds 140/90 mmHg. Depending on the causes of occurrence, primary (essential) and secondary hypertension are distinguished.

Why does this happen?

The causes of primary hypertension are not completely clear. It is believed that it occurs due to disturbances in the regulation of vascular tone and fluid retention in the body. Risk factors include obesity, smoking, stress, and hereditary predisposition.

Secondary hypertension develops as a complication of other diseases - damage to the kidneys, adrenal glands, and endocrine system. It can also be caused by pregnancy, medication or drugs.

What's happening?

With hypertension, damage and thickening of the walls of blood vessels occurs. This leads to disruption of the blood supply to organs - heart, brain, kidneys. Complications develop - coronary heart disease, heart attack, stroke, kidney failure.

Diagnosis

The diagnosis of hypertension is based on blood pressure measurement and examination. Blood pressure is measured several times at intervals of 2-3 days. A blood test, ECG, EchoCG, fundus examination, and urine test are performed.

Treatment

Treatment of hypertension includes drug therapy, lifestyle changes and diet. Antihypertensive drugs are prescribed - ACE inhibitors, calcium channel blockers, diuretics. It is recommended to reduce body weight, limit salt and fats, move more, and quit smoking. For secondary hypertension, the underlying disease is treated.

Hypertension is a chronic disease, the main manifestation of which is increased blood pressure and disruption of the autonomic nervous system. It is known that our body cannot survive without water. But this does not mean that you need to drink as much as you want and whenever your heart desires. If you drink liquid, like tap water, it is the same as drinking a warm radiator. Most people think that drinking enough water simply means drinking enough fluids.

However, before you understand what hypertension is, you first need to find out what the word “hypertension” means. It is a medical illness that can affect people of all ages. According to statistics, many people of all ages suffer from hypertension. As a rule, young people develop complications in internal organs. Migraines often suffer from hypertoxic disease in childhood. Most often, a person notices increased blood pressure after heavy physical activity or stress. Hypertension is considered a chronic increase in blood pressure from 140/90 mmHg and above. A healthy person's blood pressure