Instructional Theories of Immunity

Instructive theories of immunity are the general name for theories in which the leading role is given to the antigen in the formation of the immune response. According to these theories, the antigen is directly involved in the formation of the specific structure of the antideterminant or acts as a factor that directs the process of immunoglobulin biosynthesis in plasma cells.

One of the most famous instructive theories is the concept of antigenic determinism, proposed by Louis Pasteur at the beginning of the 19th century. According to this theory, antigens are determinants that determine the structure of antibodies and shape the immune response. However, modern research shows that antigens do not play a leading role in determining the structure of antibodies, but rather are factors that influence the process of their formation.

Another famous instructional theory is the antigenic stimulation theory proposed by Peter Medawar in the 1940s. According to this theory, the immune response is activated by antigens, which stimulate the formation of antibodies. However, this theory also does not take into account the role of antigens in the formation of the structure of antibodies.

Finally, there is the immune response theory proposed by Arthur Todd in 1892. According to this theory, the immune system responds to antigens by producing antibodies that neutralize their harmful effects. However, this theory does not explain exactly how antigens are involved in the formation of antibodies and does not take into account other factors that influence the immune response, such as genetics and environment.

Thus, instructive theories of immunity are only one of many theories that explain the body's immune response. They do not take into account all the factors influencing this process, and do not provide a complete explanation of the mechanism of antibody formation.

Introduction Immunity is one of the most important functions of the body, which provides protection against foreign agents such as viruses, bacteria and other microorganisms. However, how the immune system works is still not known. In this article we will look at instructional theories of the immune system. Antigens and Antideterminant Relationships To explain the instructive theory of immunity, it is first necessary to understand what antigens are. Antigens are any microorganisms, as well as their metabolic products, which the body perceives as “foreign”. They can cause a reaction from the immune system, as a result of which the body destroys these microorganisms or learns to “make friends” with them. Mechanisms of the antigen-antibody reaction One of the mechanisms of the antigen-antitenor reaction is the binding of the antigen to the complement system. This occurs when an antigen is a molecule on one side and an antibody on the other. In this case, the antigen comes into contact with antibodies and forms the so-called antigen-antitenor complex. The complement system then attaches to it, which helps destroy the antigen. In addition, the antigen can contact directly with a plasma cell - these are special cells located in the bone marrow and are responsible for the production of antibodies. This is called transferrin.