Jaundice (Jaundice, Icterus)

Jaundice (Jaundice, Icterus) is a problem associated with excess bilirubin in the blood, which leads to a yellow coloration of the skin and sclera of the eyes. This phenomenon can be caused by various reasons, and there are three main types of jaundice: obstructive jaundice, hepatic jaundice and hemolytic jaundice.

Obstructive jaundice occurs when bile produced in the liver is unable to pass into the intestines due to some obstruction in the bile ducts. The most common causes of obstructive jaundice are gallstones and cholestasis (stagnation of bile). With obstructive jaundice, urine may become dark and stool may become discolored. The patient may also experience severe itching.

Hepatic jaundice is associated with liver diseases that lead to deterioration of its functions. For example, hepatitis can cause hepatic jaundice. With this type of jaundice, the urine may become dark, but the stool will not change color.

Hemolytic jaundice occurs when red blood cells are rapidly destroyed. This type of jaundice may be caused by inherited conditions such as spherocytosis, or may result from autoimmune diseases, infections, or certain medications. With hemolytic jaundice, urine and stool will not change color.

Diagnosis of jaundice includes blood and urine tests, as well as ultrasound examination of the bile ducts and liver. Treatment for jaundice depends on its cause and may include medications, surgery, or lifestyle changes.

In general, jaundice is a sign of poor functioning of the body and requires careful attention and treatment. If you suspect jaundice, be sure to see your doctor to get a correct diagnosis and appropriate treatment.

Jaundice is a condition in which the skin and sclera of the eyes become yellow, caused by excess bilirubin (bile pigment) in the blood. Bilirubin is formed when old red blood cells are broken down and is usually eliminated from the body through bile. However, if bile pigment cannot leave the body, due to impaired liver function or blocked bile ducts, it begins to accumulate in the blood, causing jaundice.

There are three types of jaundice: obstructive jaundice, hepatic jaundice and hemolytic jaundice.

Obstructive jaundice occurs when the bile ducts are blocked and bile cannot pass into the intestines. This may occur due to the presence of gallstones or due to cholestasis. Cholestasis is a slowing or stopping of the flow of bile from the liver. With obstructive jaundice, the urine becomes dark and the stool becomes colorless. Patients may also experience severe itching.

Hepatic jaundice occurs when the liver cannot process bilirubin and it begins to accumulate in the blood. This can be caused by various liver diseases such as hepatitis. With hepatic jaundice, the urine may become dark, but the stool retains its color.

Hemolytic jaundice is associated with increased destruction of red blood cells. With this type of jaundice, urine and stool do not change color.

To diagnose jaundice, doctors may use blood tests to measure the level of bilirubin in the blood. Treatment depends on the cause of the jaundice. If jaundice is caused by a blocked bile duct, surgery may be required. If jaundice is caused by liver disease, treatment will be aimed at improving liver function.

Jaundice is a serious condition that requires immediate attention from medical professionals. If you suspect jaundice, see your doctor for diagnosis and treatment.

**Jaundice** in medicine is a condition of the body when a yellow tint appears on the skin, resulting from an excess content of bile pigments in the blood. Usually the skin changes not only on the outside, but also on the inside - the color of the whites of the eyes also changes. Such problems associated with the digestive organs may indicate the presence of serious diseases and disorders in the functioning of the body's systems and organs.

There are three main types of **jaundice**, which differ in their causes and treatment methods. Among the main reasons are the following:

1. Obstructive jaundice occurs when the bile ducts become clogged with foreign elements - stones, parasites, etc. - which prevents the flow of bile. As a result, the digestion process is disrupted and bilirubin accumulates in the blood and skin, causing it to turn red. Obstructive jaundice is also called obstructive or obstructive jaundice. 2. Hepatocellular jaundice is a manifestation of problems in the liver tissue of the body. The reasons may be, for example, icteric hepatitis, in which the liver does not filter bile pigment, retaining it in the body. 3. Hemolytic jaundice is associated with pathologies of red blood cells. This involves the process of excessive destruction of red blood cells. In this case, there is an increased level of bilirubinuria protein, which ultimately affects the bile flow - the pigment is not utilized, but accumulates in the body tissues.