Linear Ionization Density

Linear ionization density is the ratio of the number of ionized atoms (or atomic groups) obtained when passing through a charge volume to the total path length L = n/l where l is the length of the trajectory section on which the ionization process occurs. For example, 40 A/cm² in the case stationary process of primary ionization of helium under excitation by electron impact, with a short flight time and a low mass fraction of ions.

The temporal and spatial dependence of the linear ionization density on the duration of the neutron beam, as well as the formation of an ion beam in a diamagnetic liquid in a magnetic field (the Keosayan effect), have been established. Theoretically, the linear density and linear ionization current in a cathode beam created by an external electrostatic field are equal, so they are often taken to be equal in magnitude. This case was widely used in the physics of materials for metallographic studies. The linear ionization density is considered to be the ratio of the volume of a substance V that turns into plasma to the path length l traveled by the charge during this period of time: L = (V / t) × (1/v ). But besides this, ionization occurs in the plasma region, where the force of repulsion of electrons from the positive charge of ions lies, therefore the ionizing charge “jumps” upward, and the distance between the charge trajectory and the plasma surface increases even more. Therefore, the linear density of final ionization is greater; the maximum density is achieved at the point of transition from a weak field to a strong field and back. Per unit velocity, this nonlinear behavior is described by the difference between the path of a pulse in the plasma and the path of a free energy particle; the proportionality coefficient between these quantities is sometimes called the ionization parameter q, which varies from 1.4 x 10−7 cm2 erg to 3.6 x 105 cm2. K.e.i. currently play an important role in science, technology and industry.