Maxillary Plexus Internal

The maxillary internal plexus (or maxillary nerve) is a branch of the mandibular and greater palatine nerves passing through the pterygopalatine fossa, passing onto the vestibular surface of the pterygoid process of the mandible and going to the muscles of the jaw. In the upper section, the pterygopalatine fossa (for the upper jaw) is conventionally divided into an anterior part (wide) and a posterior part (narrow), and the place of their division corresponds to the lower edge of the orbit. The anterior part is represented by the buccal-pharyngeal and blinking intervals, the posterior part by the buccal-orbital interval. The pterygopalatine process is formed by the masticatory, buccal and facial muscles. The external maxillary plexus accompanies the vessels: the ophthalmic, superior labial and facial arteries; on the oral mucosa it innervates the buccal mucosa and the frenulum of the lip; under the skin and mucous membrane of the pharynx innervate the external muscles of the nose, buccal region, upper lip and lower jaw; inner muscles of the lips and corners of the mouth innervation. The area of ​​distribution of the nerve at 3 points of support occupies the anterior third of the orbital floor, the facial surface of the body of the sphenoid bone, the outer surface and posterolateral wall of the paranasal sinuses and the zygomatic region. The posterior border is the sagittal sinus, and the superior and medial outer surface is the maxilla.