Tumor Modification Antigenic

Modification of the antigenic properties of a tumor cell is one of the key factors influencing the response of the immune system and the body's ability to fight the tumor. The essence of this process is a change in the antigenic structure of the tumor with progressive tumor growth, as well as the loss or change of some antigens of organismal, tissue and transplantation compatibility. This phenomenon is called modification of antigenic tumors (MTA) and plays an important role in the immune response to cancer.

The role of the antigenome in immune tumor rejection. Tumor tissue is recognized by immunocompetent cells as foreign both by the presence of MHC molecules and by the loss of properties of normal tissue. The loss of normal properties (antigens) by tumor cells occurs gradually. However, the reaction of malignant cells is accompanied by both direct and indirect resistance from the immune system. This is why the tumor strives to maintain its structural and functional integrity. This problem is solved by a number of mechanisms, including changes in the antigenic structure of tumor tissue

In simple terms, antigenic modification of a cancer cell is a biological process in which a change in the genotype or epigenetic structure of a cancer cell occurs, and which can affect the body’s ability to recognize and destroy it. This process is a fundamental element of life in many organisms and systems.

The study of mutations in the formation of antigenic cells is quite labor-intensive, although they are one of the most common types of tumor diseases. One of the main reasons for the occurrence of mutations and the appearance of antigenically altered cells is genetic instability. Mutations cause a number of problems due to violations in the genetic coding of organ, tissue and transplant compatibility. This process occurs everywhere from living organisms and plants to the molecular level and can lead to the formation of many types of antigenically modified cells. However, the study of this process is complicated by the fact that a cancer cell can produce many and varied forms of molecules of various types and origins. For example, lymphoid and hematopoietic antigenic leukocytes must be similar in antigenicity to the cells of their organ or another host in order for immunity to begin to act on them. If for any reason they become antigenic modifications of their immune cells, they are attacked and destroyed by lymphocytes or natural killer cells.