Fundamentals of splicing and tying

The basic rule for fusion is to stretch the organ within appropriate limits. Excessive traction causes spasms and pain, and this causes fevers and sometimes relaxation occurs when the body is wet; this is less harmful, since it can be easily stretched. And insufficient traction does not allow the organ to heal well and evenly, and this applies equally to a dislocation and a fracture.

And having stretched the organ properly, they work on bringing the bones into a straight position and apply, as appropriate, compresses and bandages, splints are placed on top of the bandages, and external bandages are placed on top of the splints. The organ should, if possible, remain at rest and move only from time to time, as much as is tolerated, so that the nature of the organ does not die, unless there is damage and swelling. In both fractures and dislocations, one should be careful not to cause pain by stretching and bandaging. Sometimes, due to a tight bandage, if the doctor hesitates to remove it and takes little care of it, the organ dies and rots and it has to be cut off.

In most cases, the desired goal in fusion is the formation of a callus, but not on bones like the bones of the head, because a callus does not grow on them. Care must be taken to ensure that the callus is neither dry nor small, but also not large and thick, beyond measure. It is known that the size of calluses varies, depending on the organ and the quality of the fractures in relation to their large size and multiplicity or properties opposite to this from a detailed presentation, with the mention of dishes and with the mention of dressings, you will soon learn what should be done for the sake of all this . During the formation of a callus, it is appropriate to avoid restless movements, copulation, anger and irritation, for this thins the blood, and let the patient avoid hot places and strive for cool ones.

The formation of calluses is promoted by strong, astringent medicinal dressings with some heat and adhesive properties; for example, juniper berries, cypress cones, tragacanth and hernia medicines are placed in them. If it happens that the fracture does not heal to any significant extent, then something similar to curettage is used for non-healing ulcers. Namely, the damaged area is rubbed with hands until a scanty, weakly viscous liquid comes off the bone, which seems to represent nothing at the same time. The sore spot sometimes warms up, good, new blood rushes to it and a strong callus hardens on it. Often, a change in the color of the bone and the falling off of films and scales from it requires scraping; such bones are not splinted, and if necessary, they are limited to a good bandage.

If a wound is attached to a fracture, then fusion cannot be delayed until the wound has healed, because the bone then hardens and can be fused only with difficulty after strong traction and with terrible painful phenomena. However, if the injury is accompanied by pain and a tumor fraught with danger, then it is better to let the organ become bent than to cause great danger, but you should not be too zealous when healing such fractures.

If during a fracture there is a crush injury that threatens to corrode the organ, then the sore spot should be cut and the blood drained, because this is fraught with the danger that the organ will die and if there is severe bleeding, it must be stopped.

Often, the occurrence of a tumor and the danger from a wound force one to do something that is not what one should do when treating an organ, that is, bleed, use laxatives, and lighten the diet. Sometimes the bandage causes itching, and then it is appropriate to untie it and pour hot water over the organ to dilute the stinging liquids.

Hippocrates instructs the patient whose bone is being fused to suck harbak at this time, and the purpose of this is to draw the juices inside, but Galen is afraid of this and orders him to drink agaric, and if necessary, then a little sikanjubin, which contains the caustic properties of harbak. He says that this was the case in the time of Hippocrates, and the fact that he distinguishes between both eras is surprising.

If you set a bone and it caused pain and anxiety, then it would be reasonable to refuse it and heal what you set; often, you relieve the patient from pain.

As for a fracture along the length, it is enough to hold the organ, pulling it tightly - tighter than in other cases, and strongly pressing it inwards, and in case of a fracture running transversely, you should set both bones as straight as possible, checking this by their position healthy parts and observing whether the healthy parts of one bone lie opposite the corresponding parts of the other, and then fuse. In this case, you should keep in mind some things and, among other things, fragments, processes and notches. As for the fragments, if they are not placed, they become an obstacle to the fusion of the bone, and if they break, they also stop between the edges of the bones and prevent them from sticking to one another. Or the fragments move away and leave an ulcer in which ichor constantly accumulates; it happens that they themselves rot from this and cause rotting of the organ, and in the future the connection does not turn out to be strong, for strength arises only when the fragments and processes are laid in the passages that accept them into yourself. So, very strong traction is necessary - with hands, ropes or other devices, pulling as far as possible, so that the opposition between the ends of the broken bone, the processes and the passages into which they enter, is good and the fusion turns out to be correct. When the bones are pulled out and opposite each other, that is, if you see that they are opposite correctly, it is good to gradually weaken the extension, monitoring the relative position of the bones so that they do not deviate. When the bones have settled down, you again check with your hand how they have settled down, and if you find a protrusion or any other irregularity, you correct it with your hand. After this, it is necessary to make a transfer that keeps the organ at rest - not hard, which causes severe pain, and not soft, which will go down and not hold, because the best of things is the average. The bandage should be tighter in the place where the deviation occurred. In case of a complete fracture, it should be tightened equally on all sides, and if the fracture on one side is stronger, then the bandage should be tighter on that side. If there are fragments and small bones at the fracture, then you fix it if they cause pain and suffering, and if there is no pain, don’t worry about it and don’t touch them. If, for example, you hear the crunch of fragments, then you can hope that a callus will develop on them, but if there is no hope for this, then you should not neglect them. If there is a tear in the meat due to fragments, then you should not engage in widening the gap, as the ignorant do, but it is appropriate to pull out both bones, in one direction and the other, as straight as possible, without bending, because then great harm is hidden in the bending. And when you pull it out, take hold of the fragment, return it to its place and bandage it; if it does not return, then do not expand it and order to bring a piece of felt of the required size, make a hole in it through which the fragment will pass, and cover it with a piece of soft leather of equal size with the same hole as in the felt. Pass the splinter into the hole and press on the skin and felt so that they go down, and the bone protrudes out to the very base, and saw it off with a surgical saw, that is, a thin sharp file, similar to the saw of craftsmen who make combs. And sometimes the base of what needs to be removed is drilled with a drill, making several adjacent holes that cover the place from which they want to break off the bone. This is not without danger in a place where there is a noble part of the body under the bone, but drilling is sometimes safer than the action of instruments that shake the organ and force it to move when plucking and cutting off. Sometimes they manage to place the drill on some kind of metal barrier, which allows the drill to penetrate only a certain distance; then it causes less harm than shaking tools. Therefore, the chiropractor should have many varieties of such drills at the ready. Sometimes the debris is not found, but ichor is sure to flow and this indicates the debris. Treat suppuration with drying and retaining agents and then act as

If a fragment or piece of bone is separated and pricks the muscles and causes pain, then it is impossible to do without making an incision and taking measures to remove what is removed and saw off what needs to be sawed off. If there are a lot of broken and crumbled bones and their fragments and crumbs are numerous, then it is necessary to remove them all, but if the bone is not crumbled and the rupture and splitting covers a wide area, then cut off the most damaged place and leave the rest, because there is no harm from this, but harm from cutting off the entire bone is very large.