Ovarian Cancer

Ovarian cancer is one of the most common cancers in women. The main histological types of ovarian cancer are serous, mucinous and endometrioid.

Serous cancer develops from cystic formations of the ovaries and is characterized by the accumulation of serous fluid. When a tumor grows into the abdominal cavity, ascites develops.

Mucinous carcinoma contains mucus and can cause pseudomyxoma peritonei.

Endometrioid cancer resembles the structure of a tumor of the endometrium of the uterus.

Serous cancer is more common at 40-60 years of age, mucinous - after 60 years, endometrioid - before 30 years. The tumor often affects both ovaries. The main routes of metastasis are through the peritoneum and into the abdominal cavity.

Diagnosis is based on gynecological examination, ultrasound, and laparoscopy. Treatment includes tumor removal and, for advanced forms, cisplatin-based chemotherapy.

Rarer forms of ovarian cancer include clear cell, Brenner tumor, stromal germ cell tumors, and embryonal tumors. Their diagnosis and treatment have their own characteristics.

Early diagnosis and timely comprehensive treatment increase the chances of recovery from ovarian cancer.