Pineocytoma

Pineocytoma is a rare benign tumor that develops from pineocyte cells in the pineal gland (epiphysis) of the brain.

Pineocytes are one of the main cell types in the pineal gland that produce the hormones melatonin and serotonin. Pineocytoma is a slow-growing tumor that usually does not spread beyond the pineal gland.

Symptoms of pineocytoma often include headaches, vision problems, and problems with coordination. Because the tumor grows slowly, symptoms may develop over many years.

Diagnosis of pineocytoma is based on brain imaging using MRI or CT, which shows a tumor in the pineal gland. A tumor biopsy may be required to definitively confirm the diagnosis.

Treatment mainly involves surgical removal of the tumor. Pineocytomas usually respond well to treatment and have a favorable prognosis after complete removal of the tumor. Radiotherapy or chemotherapy is usually not required. Recurrences are rare if the tumor is completely removed.