Pneumonia (Pneumonia)

Treatment of pneumonia

PNEUMONIA (Pneumonia)

Etiology, pathogenesis, classification. The occurrence of pneumonia in the vast majority of cases is associated with aspiration of microbes (usually saprophytes) from the oropharynx; less often, infection occurs through the hemato- and lymphogenous route or from neighboring foci of infection. The causative agents of pneumonia are pneumo-, staphylo- and streptococci, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pfeiffer's bacillus, sometimes Escherichia coli, Proteus, Haemophilus influenzae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, etc.

Treatment:

1. Antibacterial therapy:

1. Penicillins (ampicillin, amoxicillin)
2. II-III generation cephalosporins
3. Macrolides (azithromycin, clarithromycin)
4. Respiratory fluoroquinolones (levofloxacin, moxifloxacin)
5. Combinations of antibiotics for severe cases

2. Detoxification therapy (infusion therapy)

3. Mucolytics and expectorants (ambroxol, acetylcysteine)

4. Bronchodilators for bronchial obstruction

5. Antipyretics for high fever (paracetamol)

6. Painkillers for pleural pain (NSAIDs)

7. Anticoagulants (low molecular weight heparin)

8. Oxygen therapy for respiratory failure

9. Physiotherapy during convalescence

Timely adequate treatment is important to prevent complications and death.