Hyperophthalmopathic syndrome

Hyperophthalmopathic syndrome (syndromum hyperophthalmopathicum) is a rare disease characterized by excessive protrusion of the eyeballs (exophthalmos).

The main reasons for the development of the syndrome are:

1. Graves' disease (thyrotoxicosis) - excessive production of thyroid hormones leads to metabolic disorders and an increase in the volume of retrobulbar tissue due to edema.

2. Brain tumors that put pressure on the optic nerve and eye muscles.

3. Injuries to the orbit and optic nerve.

4. Inflammatory diseases of the eye socket (orbit).

Main symptoms:

1. Protrusion of the eyeballs forward.

2. Restricted eye mobility.

3. Pain when moving the eyes.

4. Visual impairment.

5. Double vision.

For diagnosis, computed tomography of the orbits, MRI of the brain, and blood tests for thyroid hormones are performed.

Treatment depends on the cause of the syndrome and includes hormonal drugs, surgery, and radiation therapy. With timely diagnosis and adequate treatment, the prognosis is favorable.

Hyperophthalmos syndrome is a syndrome in which the eyeball protrudes excessively from the orbit, accompanied by an imbalance in the visual system and vestibular apparatus. The ophthalmic form is one of the varieties of exophthalmic syndrome, as it is characterized by protrusion of the eye and its fixation on the facial eminence. Paresis of the upper parts of the face, a decrease in skin temperature at this level, and impaired sensitivity of the trigeminal nerve may be observed. Treatment is carried out according to the rules of restoring the balance of the musculoskeletal system, dosed vision correction, and normalizing the position of the eyeball.

Synonyms include hepatophthalmos, teratrophy, and ophthalmoptosis. This disease occurs as a result of various disorders, among which anomalies and anomalies in the development of the eyeballs and their motor system dominate. The syndrome can be detected at various stages of postnatal development - from the prenatal period to adolescence.