Syndrome of Intracranial Obstruction of the Internal Carotid Artery (Syndromum Obturationis Intracranialis Arteriae Carotidis Internae)

Synopsis: Intracranial internal carotid artery occlusion syndrome is a rare neurological disorder that is characterized by hemodynamic compromise of cerebral circulation through occlusion of the basilar artery. It causes patients to experience a variety of symptoms at different levels of the brain, ranging from eye movement disorders to brain disorders. Surgery can significantly improve the symptoms of this disease and minimize the risks associated with its development.

Syndrome obtusionis intracranial arteriae carotidis internae (SOIC) is a rare disease characterized by impaired brain function caused by a blockage of the internal carotid artery in the skull. This pathology can lead to various disorders, such as hemiplegia (paralysis of the limbs on one side of the body), hemianesthesia (decreased sensitivity on half of the body), hemianoma (partial decrease in vision on the affected side), as well as impaired consciousness and speech.

Typically, SOIC occurs due to a blocked artery in the intervertebral foramen between the sixth and seventh vertebrae of the cervical spine. Blockages can occur for a variety of reasons, such as blood clot formation or atherosclerosis (hardening of artery walls due to high cholesterol).

In most cases, SOIC causes hemiplegia and hemiania on the contralateral (opposite) side of the body. This is due to the fact that the body has systems for regulating pressure and blood flow that automatically adapt to the loads on the opposite side. In the case of intrarenal obstruction syndrome, these regulatory systems fail to function, resulting in impaired brain function on the opposite side of the body.

One of the most common symptoms of SOIC is hemipilosis, which occurs because the left or right vascular channel cannot effectively supply blood to the corresponding muscles on opposite sides of the body. In hemiplegia, the side of the affected artery does not receive enough oxygen and nutrients for the brain to function normally. This condition can cause muscle cramps, loss of coordination, weakness in the limbs and, in more severe cases, paralysis. In addition, SOIC may cause hemianosmia (partially distorted odor perception), which is associated with damage to the olfactory centers. This symptom is manifested by loss of smell on the corresponding side of the body and is characterized by a peculiar odor. There are also cases where SOIC is accompanied by impaired consciousness in patients. This is due to the reduced ability of cerebral stem structures to normal regulate the level of wakefulness and disturbances