Sclera (Eyeball), Sclerotic Coat

The sclera, or tunica albuginea, is the outer fibrous membrane of the eyeball that protects it from damage and ensures stability of shape. It consists of collagen and elastin, which give it strength and flexibility.

The sclera is at the front of the eye and extends into the cornea, which is the most transparent part of the eye. It also contains many blood vessels and nerves that provide nutrition and sensitivity to the eye.

The white color of the sclera is due to the presence of the pigment melanin, which is responsible for its protection from ultraviolet radiation. In addition, melanin also provides the color of the iris.

The white membrane of the eye plays an important role in maintaining the shape of the eye, as well as in protecting it from external influences. It can be damaged by eye injury or certain diseases such as glaucoma.

Overall, the sclera is an important part of the eye and its health is of great importance for the normal functioning of the eye.

The sclera is the outer fibrous white membrane of the eyeball that covers its surface and protects it from external influences. It is one of the most important components of the eye, as it ensures its stability and protection from damage.

The sclera consists of dense connective tissue that forms the framework for the eyeball and maintains its shape. It also contains blood vessels and nerves that provide nutrition and sensitivity to the eye.

At the front of the eye, the sclera merges into the cornea, which is the first surface of the eye and protects it from external factors. The sclera also forms part of the anterior chamber of the eye, which contains aqueous humor and provides nutrition to the cornea.

In addition, the sclera plays an important role in maintaining the stability of the eye. It provides support for the lens and retina, which are located inside the eyeball. In addition, it is involved in regulating intraocular pressure and maintaining the shape of the eye.

One of the most common diseases associated with the sclera is scleritis - inflammation of the white membrane of the eye. It can be caused by various factors such as infection, allergies or injury. This causes redness, swelling and pain in the eye, as well as decreased vision.

Various methods are used to diagnose and treat scleritis, including drug therapy, physical therapy, and surgery. It is important to note that treatment should be started as early as possible to prevent complications and preserve vision.

Thus, the sclera is an important part of the eye and plays a key role in its functioning and protection. Knowledge of its anatomy and physiology allows you to understand how the eye works and how to treat it for diseases.

The sclera is the outer fibrous membrane of the eyeball that covers its tunica albuginea. This membrane is an essential component of the system of structures of the eyeball and is responsible for certain functions of the eye. Here's what you need to know about the sclera:

The sclera is the part of the eye that lies on the other side of the corneal tissue layer. It is soft and transparent, composed of collagen and fibrils, and shines when examined. This membrane covers the inner core, which is located in the forehead, or the white core, and the posterior region of the palpebral fossae and is considered the thickest layer among all the membranes.

The tunica albuginea was initially mistakenly recognized as the sclera. This misleading term dates back to 1868, after the first rhinoplasty was developed by surgeon William Harry Brown. The term sclera is now accepted in the literature to refer to this membrane, and in accordance with this term it has also been called the “mica shell”.

In the anterior part of the eye, the sclera continues with its ligamentous connection with the cornea. At the upper point, the membrane intersects the subucteral and ciliary folds. It does not completely surround the inferior ciliary muscle and the inferior region of the lens, but only reaches the lower point of the ciliary socket. As the cornea begins to peel away and prepare for phacoemulsification, the capsular bag fills the gap between the membrane and the posterior surface of the capsule. In this case, the back surface of the eyeball loses its integrity.

The sclera of the eye is an important component of the eye, without which it cannot perform its function. It covers almost the entire eyeball and protects it from damage and infection. In addition, it contains elastic fibers and special cells that are involved in maintaining the shape of the eye. The eye glue has a number of functions that help it perform its tasks. One of them is keeping fit. This is achieved due to the presence of plastic cells that are constantly dividing. These cells are full

The sclera is the outer white layer of the eye, which consists of dense connective tissue. This layer covers the entire eyeball and penetrates beyond it, protecting the organ of vision from damage and injury. The sclera is tightly connected to the stroma of the eye, it is immobile and performs many functions. Between the sclera and other tissues of the eye there are blood vessels, nerves and lymphatic pathways. In the anterior part, the protein passes into the ocular substance, and the posterior surface of the sclera borders on the lens, almost no different from it in color. The conjunctiva of the eye has a milky white color due to its structure. In fact, it is a thin mucous tissue and connects the white eyeball with the white membrane of the eyelid. A “white ring” forms on the right wall of the eye. Its basis is the endothelium. It performs a lot of functions useful for the visual organ, including drainage ability. True, the amount of fluid outflow is normally insignificant. The bulk is compressed in the anterior chamber and resolves between the posterior and anterior surfaces of the sclera. But if there is significant blockage of the tear ducts (for example, with conjunctivitis) or there is a lack of hydration of the eye tissues, then opaque microdeposits form.

The upper part of the white eye ring is formed from modified endothelial cells. They are close to the alveoli of the iris, which impede the drainage of tear fluid. Due to this, the capillaries are stretched, atrophy and cease to perform their functions. Because of this, protein deposits begin to accumulate behind the tissue. Yellowish bags appear, which merge with each other and lead to the formation of a large fold of the sclera (occupies up to 8 mm in diameter). The ring-shaped white eye periodically collapses, sometimes droplets of lipids protrude along the edges. When you move your eyes, it remains in a compressed state for some time, then straightens out. Scientists call this phenomenon the corneal reflex, and it has been widely studied. It is he who helps diagnose various pathologies of the eye area in newborns.

In people suffering from diabetes, the sclera becomes distinctly yellow. At the same time, small foci of inflammation gradually begin to form in the shell of the eyes. Gradually, the fabric loses its elasticity, becomes more brittle and prone to tearing and damage. As a result, the course of blood vessels changes, and a person experiences most problems with visual functions. Among them: * limited field of visibility; * frequent headaches; * possibility of doubling of objects; * decrease in visual acuity (with treatment); * development of migraine attacks

When it comes to diagnosing eye pathologies, specialists cannot limit themselves to studying the sclera alone. Yes, it gives a lot of useful information about the origin of the patient's vision problems, but there are also many other interesting things there. For example, by the glare of the optics, you can understand how damaged the cornea is, how often a person suffers from conjunctivitis, or how many times during his life he has encountered eye damage.