Stylomastoid Foramen

The stylomastoid foramen, or foramen stylomastoideum (Latin “stylomastoid” - mastoid process and “foramen” - hole), is one of three paired holes in the human skull, located on the lateral surface of the temporal bone. It connects the middle ear cavity with the posterior cranial fossa.

The stylomastoid foramina are triangular in shape and located on the posterior surface of the temporal bone, between the mastoid process and the pyramid of the temporal bone (its petrous part). They are formed by the connection of two paired canals - the superior and inferior petrosal canals, which pass through the inner surface of the temporal bone and connect with the pyramids of the temporal bone on its posterior surface.

The hole has a diameter of about 3 mm and is located at the level of the posterior parts of the inner ear. It plays an important role in transmitting sound waves from the middle ear to the inner ear and back. In addition, blood vessels and nerves pass through the stylomastoid foramen, which ensures its functional significance in the body.

Interestingly, the stylomastoid foramen has its analogues in other animals, including mammals and birds. However, in some species it may be absent or have a different form, which can affect their hearing and other body functions.

Stylomastoid spur - (f. stylomastoidea stylomastoidea stylomastoid, stylomastoid)

Stylomastoid foramen A nipple-shaped hole located on the posterior lateral wall near the foramen magnum. It is the entrance hole for the large occipital muscle and the nerve. The opening also contains blood vessels and ligaments.

The major occipital muscle passes through this opening and connects to the occipital protuberance of the head, causing the head to move backward. This muscle also helps to turn the head to the side.