That's the virus

Shuni virus: briefly about the main thing. The Shunin virus (Shun fever) poses a potential danger not only to the health of animals, but also to humans. The virus was first described in 1973 and has been of concern to researchers ever since. The purpose of this article is to talk in more detail about the Shuni virus and ways to protect against it.

Description:

- Belongs to the family *Bunyaviridae*, genus *Bunyamwera virus*; - Ecological group: *arboviruses* (arboviruses); - Antigenic group *Sumbubuna*.

Causes fever in animals. In most cases, infection with the Shuni virus occurs without obvious symptoms or consequences. However, attacks of fever, chills, vomiting and diarrhea may sometimes occur. Its pathogenic properties for humans have not been fully studied, so it is not known exactly how dangerous it is. Although the disease is usually mild, it can become infectious

Pronounced virulence. Mostly lethal in neonatal mice, calves, hamsters, monkeys and humans. Mortality among adult mice (by day 20) is recorded up to 50%. It has moderate virulence in chicken embryos (less than 5% of developing chicken embryos are lysed). Virulence depends on the method of infection. Features of virulence in cell culture of “classical” LSC cell lines are: lower virulence compared to viruses isolated directly from sick animals or humans, significantly less suppression of cell reproduction compared to weakly immunosuppressive viruses. Those strains of the shuni virus that exhibit the ability to infect the red blood cells of cattle are weakly immunosuppressive, less virulent against dry monkeys, and preserved much better on ice. Many are infectious in rabbits. The cytolytic properties of such viruses are two or more times higher. They often have a cytolytic effect on chicken embryos, and sometimes they even differ sharply in virulence in relation to cells isolated from the heart and muscle tissue. Some shuni viruses have pronounced viresteroid properties. They cause an acute disease in chickens with an increase in body temperature by 4-5 °C; in many birds, death occurs by 3-4 days. During the reproduction process of such strains, a temperature of about 40 ° C is required. When a population is formed, a number of strains exhibit their cytopathogenic properties and reproduce both at room temperature and at elevated temperatures. In other strains, the anaerobic state predominates. This example illustrates possible changes in the effector properties of the virus during its transition into nature. There is significant heterogeneity in substrate-receptor interactions. This results in the detection of multiple immune responses against the same virus. In recent years, it has been shown that the host immune system exhibits variations in its response to the same mutant. The serological method makes it possible to isolate varieties of the virus, and, depending on the presence of certain components of antigenic properties, determine the essence of the epizootological situation.