Thoracentesis

Thoracocentesis is a medical procedure that involves puncturing the chest and extracting fluid from the pleural cavity to diagnose or treat various diseases. Thoracentesis is one of the methods of thoracic surgery, which is used to diagnose and treat diseases of the lungs, heart, blood vessels and other organs of the chest.

The purpose of thoracentesis is to obtain a sample of pleural fluid, which is the main component of the pleural cavity and contains information about the condition of the lungs and heart. Pleural fluid can be used to diagnose various diseases such as pneumonia, tuberculosis, lung cancer, pericarditis and others.

The thoracentesis procedure is usually performed under local anesthesia or general anesthesia. The doctor makes a small puncture in the patient's chest and inserts a needle into the pleural cavity. He then removes a small amount of pleural fluid for analysis. After this, the doctor closes the wound and applies a sterile bandage.

Thoracentesis has a number of advantages over other diagnostic methods. Firstly, it allows you to obtain a more accurate result of the analysis of pleural fluid. Secondly, it allows you to quickly and effectively diagnose lung and heart diseases, which can save the patient’s life. Thirdly, thoracentesis can be used to treat various diseases of the lungs and heart by introducing drugs into the pleural cavity.

However, thoracentesis also has some disadvantages. It can be dangerous to the patient’s health, especially if performed against the background of other diseases or in the presence of contraindications. In addition, the procedure may be painful and cause discomfort to the patient.

In general, thoracentesis is an important method for diagnosing and treating various diseases of the chest, which can save the patient’s life. However, before carrying out the procedure, it is necessary to carefully assess all risks and contraindications, and also choose an experienced and qualified doctor.

Thoracopuncture is a short-term, permitted injury to the chest to establish a diagnosis or symptomatic treatment for acute and chronic pathology of the circulatory system. In order to ensure the integrity of the skin, local anesthesia of the skin is performed before puncture with a 0.5% solution of novocaine. When the needle penetrates the pleural cavity, free flow of pus is observed. In the absence of purulent effusion, fluid is administered and the effectiveness of the procedure is assessed every other day; from 2 to 3 days after administration, the drainage should be removed. To evacuate the inflammatory fluid due to absorption into the thickness of the skin, air is additionally pumped out from the pleural cavity through another needle separate from the pleura. Compared to thoracotomy, when the doctor himself determines the type of drainage, the puncture approach is less associated with the subjective opinions of doctors. The use of puncture drainage can improve the effectiveness of patient therapy and significantly reduce the number of intraoperative complications.

The criterion for the correctness of the thoracopuncture technique is the painless insertion of the needle into the subcutaneous-axillary fold in the upward and inward direction at the level of the VI rib along the midclavicular line. Herzberg thoracometer