Venipuncture Open

Open venipuncture is a method of inserting a thick tubular needle into a vein after surgically exposing the vein and ligating it distal to the puncture site.

Indications for open venipuncture are: the need for long-term vascular access for the administration of drugs, parenteral nutrition, and blood transfusions; lack of suitable peripheral veins for puncture.

The procedure is performed in an operating room under local anesthesia. The saphenous vein is surgically exposed (the greater saphenous vein of the arm is often used), which is ligated distal to the intended puncture site to prevent bleeding. Then a thick needle is inserted into the exposed vein, through which medications and infusion solutions will subsequently be administered.

The advantages of open venipuncture are reliable vascular access. Disadvantages: invasiveness, high risk of infectious complications.

Open venipuncture is most often used when blood enters the venous cavity and venous blood flow through the ulnar vein, which drains blood from the upper limb, mainly from the forearm and hand, as well as the cubital vein, and sometimes the brachial venous system. Open access allows direct flow of oxygen through the artery