Virchow Encephalitis of Newborns

Virchow's encephalitis of newborns is a rare disease of the central nervous system caused by herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2. Encephalitis usually develops during the first week of life and is characterized by inflammation of the brain affecting the gray matter of the hemispheres, brain stem and cerebellum.

The virus is transmitted from mother to child during childbirth when passing through the birth canal. The risk of infection is higher with primary herpes in the mother in the third trimester of pregnancy. Newborns develop a severe form of the disease due to the immaturity of the immune system.

Clinical manifestations include lethargy, convulsions, impaired consciousness, and respiratory failure. Possible damage to the skin, liver, lungs and other organs. Mortality rates reach 30%, and survivors are often left with severe neurological sequelae.

Diagnosis is based on detecting viral DNA in the cerebrospinal fluid and blood using PCR. Treatment includes antiviral drugs and symptomatic therapy. Vaccination of pregnant women and newborns can reduce the risk of developing the disease. The prognosis depends on the severity of the central nervous system damage and timely initiation of treatment.