Yellow spot

The macula lutea, or macula lutea, is the most central part of the retina and, if you look at it, a key point in the brain that can alter perception and memories. Intensive information processing occurs in this area, making it the center of emotional reactions and memory. Here the brain is able to appreciate bright colors, think deeply and abstractly, and consider the smallest and most insidious details that can disappear from view after a few seconds.

The macula is located in the occipital lobe of the brain and in an average person it occupies about 8-12% of the total retinal area. Bright yellow and beige lighting promotes enhanced processing, so ultraviolet light for marine mammals has distinctive signals for species identification, environment and spatial orientation, which protects their ability to survive.

What does it look like? The leading edge of the macula connects to a black spot called the blind spot (or dead spot), which is caused by the absence of optic nerve fibers and pigment cells. This eliminates the perception of light in this area, leaving a dark void and a “blind” area at the periphery of the retina. The blind area results from the optic nerve fibers surrounding the central opening, which includes the dark optic nerve located in the internal structure. A white membrane surrounds the edges of the macula and can be visible under certain conditions, such as increasing contrast and increasing luminous flux. Although these folds do not affect the functioning of the macula, they can change its appearance and give it more contrast. Under normal conditions, the diameter of the macula is about 6 mm. Conversely, it is a tiny region at the back of the brain that exhibits a variety of functions, including visual perception, object recognition, orientation and depth measurement, visual memory, and activities such as introspection and observation. Despite its name, the macula macula is not completely yellow, but rather has a yellowish tint due to the high content of the yellow pigment lutein. Other components of the macula are rhodopsin and adenosine triphosphate, which produce light signals. The macula is susceptible to hyperpigmentation (a yellowish tint to the skin), which prevents sweat from fogging and removing oil from the surface layer of the skin, reducing the effectiveness of cleansing. Research has shown that people with excess macular pigmentation are prone to eye diseases such as macular degeneration and are at risk of developing red reflex maculopathy. However, the health effects of the macula are not fully understood at this time.