Aktg

ACTH is a hormone that is produced in the anterior pituitary gland and regulates the function of the adrenal cortex. It is one of the most important hormones in the human body, as it is responsible for the body’s adaptation to various stressful situations, as well as for the regulation of carbohydrate, protein and fat metabolism.

ACTH consists of 39 amino acids and has a molecular weight of about 12 kDa. It is synthesized from the prohormone pro-ACTH, which in turn is formed from the mRNA molecule that encodes it. Pro-ACTH is then converted into the active form of the hormone ACTH by removing a portion of the molecule called the C-terminal peptide.

The main function of ACTH is to regulate the function of the adrenal cortex and maintain its normal functioning. It stimulates the production of cortisol, one of the main hormones produced in the adrenal cortex, and thereby ensures the maintenance of normal levels of glucose, sodium and potassium in the blood, as well as the regulation of blood pressure and metabolism.

In addition, ACTH plays an important role in regulating the growth and development of the body. It can also affect the functioning of the cardiovascular system and central nervous system.

However, excess ACTH in the body can lead to the development of various diseases, such as Cushing's syndrome, hyperglycemia, hypertension, obesity and others. Therefore, it is necessary to monitor ACTH levels and, if necessary, correct their levels with medications.