Breast

Mammary Gland: Organ of Feeding and Diseases

The mammary gland, also known as the mammary gland, is the milk secretion organ in women. It consists of 15-20 glandular lobules that resemble a bunch of grapes. Breast milk is produced in lobules and enters the excretory ducts, which end in the nipple of the gland with pinholes.

The growth and development of the elements that produce milk occur under the influence of hormones secreted by the endocrine glands, such as the ovaries, pituitary gland, thyroid gland, etc. Activation occurs at the beginning of the girl’s puberty (at 10-12 years), and full development is achieved by 18 -20 years old. Physiological and anatomical changes in the mammary gland occur with the onset of menstruation and during pregnancy. Maximum development of the mammary gland is achieved at the time of birth and during breastfeeding. During menopause (from 45 to 50 years of age), the reverse development of the mammary gland lobules begins.

Despite the fact that the mammary gland performs an important function in a woman’s life, it is also susceptible to various diseases. In women, mastopathy most often occurs due to abortion, dysfunction of the ovaries and other endocrine glands, as well as inflammatory diseases of the genital organs. Hormonal disorders and associated tumor-like formations in the mammary gland more often develop in nulliparous and non-lactating women. In the future, these changes can lead to the formation of a tumor.

Bruises and inflammatory processes in the mammary gland and the scars left behind also predispose to the development of a tumor. Inflammatory processes in the mammary gland most often develop during the period of feeding a child when cracks occur in the nipples. Therefore, it is important to observe the rules of personal hygiene, especially during pregnancy and the postpartum period, as well as the rules of breastfeeding. You should not suddenly stop breastfeeding; if this is forced by a temporary need, you should (to preserve the secretory function of the mammary gland) express milk using a breast pump.

If you find any lumps in the mammary gland, you should consult a doctor. In order to timely detect changes in the mammary gland, fluorography of the mammary gland is performed in medical institutions.

One of the most common breast diseases is breast cancer. This disease can lead to serious consequences, so it is important to know the main symptoms and carry out regular medical monitoring.

Symptoms of breast cancer may include lumps, changes in the shape or size of the gland, changes in skin color, fluid coming from the nipple, and changes in surrounding tissue. If you experience such symptoms, you should immediately consult a doctor.

To prevent breast disease, it is important to monitor your health, lead a healthy lifestyle, eat right, get regular medical examinations and consult a doctor if you experience any symptoms or changes in the breast.

Thus, the mammary gland is an important organ for secreting milk in women, but it is also susceptible to various diseases. Therefore, it is important to maintain good personal hygiene, lead a healthy lifestyle and undergo regular medical examinations. If you experience any symptoms or changes in your breasts, you should see your doctor for diagnosis and treatment.