Chlorine And Other Irritant Gases.

Chlorine and other irritant gases

Local irritant effect. Inhalation of concentrated vapors can lead to rapid death as a result of chemical burns of the respiratory tract, laryngo- and bronchospasm. For less severe poisoning - pain in the eyes, lacrimation, painful paroxysmal cough, chest pain, headache, dyspepsia. There are a lot of dry and moist rales in the lungs, symptoms of acute emphysema, severe shortness of breath, cyanosis of the mucous membranes. Severe bronchopneumonia with the development of toxic pulmonary edema is possible.

Treatment. Remove the victim to fresh air from the contaminated atmosphere; oxygen inhalation is contraindicated. Morphine (1 ml of 1% solution), atropine (1 ml of 0.1% solution), ephedrine (1 ml of 5% solution) s.c. Calcium chloride. (15 ml of 10% solution) or calcium gluconate (20 ml of 10% solution), aminophylline (10 ml of 2.4% solution) i.v. Diphenhydramine (2 ml of 1% solution) s.c.

Hydrocortisone or prednisolone (up to 300 mg per day) IM. Inhalation of aerosols of sodium bicarbonate solution, antibiotics, novocaine with ephedrine, hydrocortisone. Antibiotic therapy.

Treatment of toxic pulmonary edema and toxic shock. Treatment of conjunctivitis; rinsing the eyes with tap water, introducing sterile petroleum jelly.