Endometrium

The endometrium is the lining of the uterus that plays an important role in a woman's reproductive system. It is located inside the uterine cavity and consists of two layers: basal and functional.

The stratum basale is the bottom layer of the endometrium, which remains unchanged throughout the menstrual cycle. It contains stem cells that can develop into a functional layer.

The functional layer is the top layer of the endometrium, which thickens and is enriched with glands and blood vessels in the premenstrual phase of the cycle. This occurs under the influence of hormones secreted by the ovaries. The functional layer prepares for implantation of a fertilized egg. If pregnancy does not occur, the functional layer dies and is rejected along with the blood during menstruation.

If fertilization occurs, the embryo is implanted into the functional layer. The endometrium then continues to develop and the decidua is formed, which nourishes the embryo throughout pregnancy. After childbirth, the decidua is rejected along with the placenta.

Endometrial is a term that refers to the endometrium. For example, endometrial cancer is a malignant neoplasm that develops in the endometrium.

It is important to note that the condition of the endometrium can affect a woman's fertility. Some women may have problems with embryo implantation due to insufficient development of the endometrium or its hyperplasia. In such cases, treatment may be required to improve the condition of the endometrium and increase the likelihood of pregnancy.

In conclusion, the endometrium is an important component of a woman's reproductive system and plays a key role in embryo implantation and development. Understanding the functions and characteristics of the endometrium helps in treating a number of problems associated with pregnancy and women's reproductive health.

The endometrium is the lining of the uterus, which is an important organ of the woman’s reproductive system. During the menstrual cycle, the endometrium undergoes significant changes that prepare the uterus for possible fertilization. In the last phase of the menstrual cycle, when the egg is released from the ovary, the endometrium thickens significantly and becomes richer in glands. This allows it to be more abundantly supplied with blood, which is necessary for the successful attachment and development of the embryo. However, if pregnancy does not occur, most of the functional endometrium falls off and leaves the body with menstruation.

The endometrium also plays an important role during pregnancy. After fertilization and implantation of the embryo, the decidua layer is formed from the endometrium, which protects the fetus and provides its nutrition. After childbirth, the decidua layer falls away, leaving the uterus in its normal state.

It is important to note that the endometrium is susceptible to various diseases such as polyps, hyperplasia and cancer. Therefore, regular examination by a gynecologist is important for the prevention and timely treatment of these diseases.

Endometritis is an inflammatory lesion of the uterine mucosa. According to the results of recent large international studies, it can be argued that the incidence of endometritis is slightly lower than the incidence of inflammation of the uterine appendages (adnexitis) [1-3].

The mucous membrane of the uterine cavity (endometrium) is a multilayered epithelium, consisting of four layers, each of which has its own structural features and function. There are only four layers: basal, producing, functional and terminal (uppermost). The last two structures complete the structure of the uterine mucosa. Producers are responsible for the production