If you suspect a severe musculoskeletal injury, follow the basic principles of emergency first aid.
Some musculoskeletal injuries may cause bleeding, severe pain, or bone protrusion. Don't let this scare you. Such injuries rarely pose a threat to the life of the victim. But you must definitely call an ambulance when:
• injuries involve the head, neck or
back;
• the injury causes difficulty walking or
breath;
• existing signs of fracture;
• there are numerous injuries.
Help for all types of musculoskeletal disorders is the same. There is no need to determine the nature of the damage here. While providing assistance, try not to cause additional pain to the victim. Help him get into a comfortable position. Remember the main points: • calmness,
• providing real estate to the damaged part of the body, • cold,
• the position of the injured part of the body is elevated.
Peace
Avoid any movements that cause pain. Help the victim take the most comfortable position for him. If you suspect any type of fracture, leave the victim in the position in which you found it.
Providing real estate for the damaged body part
Until the ambulance arrives, you can secure the injured part of the victim’s body with your own hands or other objects, such as pillows, blankets, or clothing.
Securing the injured part of the victim’s body is only necessary if you do not expect the timely arrival of an ambulance, or you intend to transport it yourself.
Immobilization of the damaged part is aimed at:
• pain reduction;
• preventing additional injuries;
• reducing the risk of possible bleeding;
• reducing the likelihood of circulatory disorders
gu in the damaged part of the body;
• preventing the transition of a closed fracture to an open one.
Fixation of the damaged part can be done by applying a splint, supporting bandage or bandaging.
Principles of immobilization. When applying a splint, follow these rules:
• the splint is applied without changing the position
damaged part;
• the tire must grip both the area along
damage and joints that are located
above and below this area;
• check the blood before and after splinting
treatment in the damaged part of the body. Ask
the victim, whether his ends are numb
fingers of the injured limb. Check
fingers of the injured limb: they should
be warm to the touch and pink in color
nails If you complain of numbness, loosen
mating;
• fix the tire above and below the seat.
life
Types of tires. There are three types of splints: soft, hard and anatomical. Folded blankets, towels, pillows, supportive bandages, or bandages can be used as soft splints. A support bandage is a scarf that is tied at the back to provide support to the injured limb, wrist, or hand. A folded cossin bandage can be used to secure a splint or other bandage. A tightly rolled cloth or bandage can be used successfully to immobilize small parts of the body, such as the hand or fingers.
Rigid tires include planks, strips of metal, cardboard, composite magazines, etc.
With anatomical splints, the victim’s body is used as a support. For example, an injured arm may be bandaged to the victim’s chest, a leg to a healthy leg.
Cold
For any injury other than an open fracture, apply ice. Cold helps relieve pain and reduce swelling by constricting blood vessels. Typically, cold is applied for 15 minutes every hour.
To protect the skin, place a layer of gauze or cloth between the ice compress and the skin. A compress can be made by placing ice in a plastic bag and wrapping it in a damp towel. Do not apply a cold compress to an open fracture, as applying pressure to the fracture site may cause pain. When spraining ligaments and muscles, after the swelling has decreased (usually after 2-3 days), you can, in consultation with your doctor, begin to apply warm compresses to increase blood flow in the damaged part, which speeds up healing. .
Failed position
Applying to the injured area helps slow blood flow, which reduces swelling. If possible, elevate the injured body part above the level of your heart. Do not lift the injured limb if you have a fracture until a splint has been applied or if doing so causes additional pain.
Making a decision to transport the victim
If you think that there is a threat to the life of the victim, do not transport him yourself - immediately call an ambulance. Some injuries are not serious enough to require emergency treatment, but require medical attention. If you are transporting the victim yourself, apply a splint to the injury site before moving him.
For musculoskeletal injuries, follow the general principles of first aid
help. Below is a sequence of care for some specific injuries.