Hemorrhoidal Plexus Superior

Superior Hemorrhoidal Plexus: Basics, Functions and Treatment

The superior hemorrhoidal plexus (plexus haemorrhoidalis superior), also known as the superior hemorrhoidal plexus, is an important part of the anatomy of the rectum and anorectal region. It plays an important role in maintaining rectal health and can be a source of problems associated with hemorrhoidal pathology.

The superior hemorrhoidal plexus is a network of blood vessels and nerve endings located in the upper part of the anal canal and rectum. It is formed by a combination of venous and arterial vessels, as well as nerve fibers. Hemorrhoids, which are commonly associated with hemorrhoidal pathology, are found in this plexus.

The functions of the superior hemorrhoidal plexus are associated with the regulation of blood flow and control of the sphincteric function of the rectum. The blood vessels in the plexus are responsible for maintaining normal blood circulation in the anorectal region. They provide sufficient blood supply to healthy tissue and are involved in thermoregulation.

The superior hemorrhoidal plexus also contains nerve endings that play an important role in transmitting signals about the condition of the tissues and controlling muscle tone in the anorectal canal. They help maintain normal sphincter functions and are involved in the regulation of bowel movements.

When the superior hemorrhoidal plexus is exposed to various risk factors, such as prolonged straining during bowel movements, a sedentary lifestyle, poor diet or pregnancy, it can become inflamed or enlarged. This can lead to the development of hemorrhoids, a disease characterized by the formation of nodes or inflamed vessels in the anorectal canal.

Treatment of the upper hemorrhoidal plexus depends on the degree and severity of hemorrhoidal pathology. In some cases, conservative methods such as lifestyle changes, diet, and the use of anti-hemorrhoidal ointments and medications can provide relief from symptoms and improve the condition. However, more serious cases may require surgery.

Surgical procedures to treat superior hemorrhoidal plexus include removal of the hemorrhoids or their sclerosis (sclerotherapy), in which special drugs are administered to close and shrink the dilated vessels. Ligation techniques, in which rubber bands are placed on the hemorrhoids to make them fall off, or hemorrhoidectomy, which involves surgically removing the hemorrhoids, are also used.

It is important to note that any treatment for superior hemorrhoidal plexus should be carried out under the supervision of a qualified medical professional. Self-medication or ignoring symptoms can lead to worsening of the condition and the development of complications.

In conclusion, the superior hemorrhoidal plexus plays an important role in maintaining the health of the rectum and anorectal area. It is responsible for regulating blood flow and controlling sphincter function. Hemorrhoidal problems can occur when the plexus is exposed to adverse factors. Treatment of superior hemorrhoidal plexus may include conservative methods and surgical procedures, and the choice of a particular approach depends on the extent and severity of the pathology. It is important to see your doctor for professional advice and treatment recommendations for this condition.

Hemorrhoidal Plexus superior - connects the superomedial parts of the sacral nerves and the vas deferens, located under the rectus sheath, as well as the superior rectus muscle. Covered with perineurium. This paired formation borders the posterolateral surface of the internal iliac vein and ends at the level of the posterior edge of the obturator membrane. It is a continuation of the terminal section of the hypogastric plexus during its transition from the anterior to posterior abdominal position. Hemorrhoidal plexuses are derived from the dorsal foregut. They develop from the sympathetic (nervous) goblet process: they arise together in the region of the posterior wall of the bladder, then pass through the entire length of the submucosal canal of the entire rectum and are located on the side wall of the sigmoid colon above the dentate line, dividing the anterior peritoneal colon into two branches. Accompanying the vessels, woven but separately attached to the intestinal mucosa above the transferring fold, then penetrating into the intestinal wall to the level of the base of its lower (medial) promontory. The superficial venous plexus of the perineum is crossed upward, rising along the subcutaneous tissue of the thighs and covering