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Graf surgery is a surgical procedure for transplanting adrenal tissue into the brain, developed by American neurosurgeon Samuel James Graf in 1946.

The goal of this surgery is to reduce symptoms of Parkinson's disease such as tremor, rigidity and bradykinesia. The essence of the operation is that pieces of adrenal tissue rich in dopamine are implanted into the basal ganglia of the brain, in particular into the substantia nigra and striatum. This helps to compensate for the lack of dopamine characteristic of Parkinson's disease.

Graf's operation is performed under local anesthesia and takes about 2 hours. Less invasive methods using stereotactic surgery are now used. Although this procedure is no longer routine, it has played an important role in understanding the pathophysiology of Parkinson's disease and the development of surgical treatments for the disease.