Hypertension Pulmonary

Pulmonary Hypertension: Understanding and Treatment

Pulmonary hypertension (also known as pulmonary hypertension) is a serious disease characterized by increased pressure in the pulmonary arteries. This condition causes deterioration in heart and lung function and, if left untreated, can have serious consequences for the patient's health.

Normal pressure in the pulmonary arteries is about 15-30 mmHg at rest. However, with pulmonary hypertension, this pressure rises above 25 mmHg at rest or more than 30 mmHg during exercise. Increased pressure in the pulmonary arteries leads to thickening and narrowing of the vascular walls, which makes it difficult for blood to flow and increases the load on the heart.

Manifestations of pulmonary hypertension can be varied and include the following symptoms:

1. Shortness of breath and fatigue during physical activity.
2. Weakness and dizziness.
3. Fast or irregular heartbeat.
4. Chest pain.
5. Swelling in the lower extremities and swelling of the abdomen.

The reasons for the development of pulmonary hypertension can be different. This may be the result of congenital heart defects, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), pulmonary fibrosis, pulmonary embolism, or other diseases affecting the pulmonary system. Some cases of pulmonary hypertension may be idiopathic, that is, without a clear cause.

The diagnosis of pulmonary hypertension is usually made after a comprehensive evaluation, including a physical examination, blood and urine tests, an electrocardiogram (ECG), echocardiography, or other tests of the lungs and heart. Early diagnosis plays an important role in preventing disease progression and complications.

Treatment of pulmonary hypertension is aimed at managing symptoms, slowing disease progression, and improving the patient's quality of life. In some cases, medications may be prescribed to reduce pressure in the pulmonary arteries and improve heart function. Oxygen therapy and physical therapy may also be helpful in managing the symptoms of pulmonary hypertension.

In more severe cases, when conservative treatment is ineffective, surgical intervention may be required. Lung transplantation or a surgical procedure to improve blood flow in the pulmonary arteries (eg, atriopulmonary bypass) may be considered as treatment options.

However, it is important to note that pulmonary hypertension is a chronic disease and has no complete cure. The goal of treatment is to control symptoms and slow the progression of the disease.

In addition to medical and surgical treatment, lifestyle changes are an important aspect of managing pulmonary hypertension. Patients are advised to avoid smoking, limit alcohol consumption, maintain a healthy and balanced diet, and exercise regularly as recommended by the doctor.

In conclusion, pulmonary hypertension is a serious disease that requires diagnosis and comprehensive treatment. Early diagnosis and timely treatment can significantly improve the prognosis and quality of life of patients. It is important to work closely with qualified healthcare personnel to determine the best approach to managing this condition and achieving the best results for patients suffering from pulmonary hypertension.

Pulmonary artery hypertension (PAH) is a chronic condition in which the pressure in the pulmonary arteries exceeds normal levels and causes hypertrophy and dilation of their walls. This disease can occur either independently or as a symptom of another disease. Hypertension in the pulmonary circulation is often asymptomatic or manifests itself with mild symptoms such as dizziness and shortness of breath. With severe hypertension, patients may experience persistent shortness of breath, fatigue, and severe chest pain. Sometimes the disease is hidden and does not cause heart problems in the early stages. Pulmonary hypertension rarely affects children, but is common among older people. In some cases, the cause of pressure in the small circle is hypothyroidism, stress or smoking. For the first time, pulmonary hypertension is detected in middle-aged adult patients who complain of chest pain during exercise or stress. This occurs due to a violation of lymphovenous microcirculation in the pulmonary circle, which leads to swelling of the lung tissue and increased blood pressure. If you notice such symptoms, you should consult a doctor. When diagnosing pulmonary artery hypertension, the doctor determines the cause of the hypertension and determines its severity. To do this, a number of tests are carried out, including blood tests for cholesterol and red blood cell levels, blood clotting tests, as well as an electrocardiogram and X-ray examination of the lungs. Treatment for pulmonary hypertension involves controlling blood pressure and reducing workload.