Injury

A bruise is a mechanical damage to soft tissues that is not accompanied by a violation of their integrity. A bruise occurs when struck by a blunt object or falling onto a hard surface.

The most common are bruises of the integument (skin and subcutaneous tissue), muscles, and periosteum (anterior surface of the lower leg, cranial vault). The main signs of these bruises are pain and swelling at the site of injury.

The pain, sharp at the time of injury, subsides noticeably after a few minutes. The swelling is not detected immediately - sometimes 2-3 days or later after the injury. It is associated with swelling of the bruised tissues, and in more severe bruises also with hemorrhage from ruptured small blood vessels. In the latter case, a bruise appears at the site of the injury, and a hematoma may form.

As the swelling increases, the pain may return. Bruises can lead to temporary impairment of vital functions. For example, with a severe contusion of the chest, breathing problems may occur, a concussion of the head can cause a concussion or compression of the brain by a hematoma (see traumatic brain injury), a contusion of the abdomen may be accompanied by an internal rupture of the liver, intestines, etc.

In case of a bruise immediately after an injury, in order to prevent hemorrhage in the tissue, it is advisable to hold the cold at the site of the bruise (ice or cold water in a bladder, cold lotion), provide the injured organ with absolute rest and apply a pressure bandage.

In case of severe bruises, especially of the head, chest, abdomen, accompanied by severe pain, deterioration of general condition, nausea, vomiting or other alarming symptoms, the victim should be immediately shown to a doctor.

If, after even a minor injury, persistent pain persists or the function of the affected organ is impaired, consultation with a doctor is also necessary.

Accurate adherence to safety rules at work, in agriculture, when playing sports, and in children's groups is a reliable means of preventing bruises.

**Bruise** is one of the types of injuries characterized by the formation of local hemorrhages and pain due to bruises, sprains or dislocations without visible damage to the skin.

There are closed and open contusions. Open Bruises occur from a blow from a blunt object or a falling body. The most commonly observed soft tissue bruise occurs from a direct blow (injury to boxers, riders, etc.) or a fall from a height (including a fall from a horse). Unlike other types of injuries (bites, electric shocks, etc.), at the moment of impact the skin remains intact, so only subcutaneous hemorrhages (“bruises”) occur and pain is less pronounced. As a result, small vessels rupture and blood accumulates between the skin and underlying tissues and organs. Often, with an open bruise, injury