Collapse therapy [Collapsotherapia; Collapse (Lung) + Therapy]

Collapse therapy

As a result of active antibiotic therapy, the progression of pulmonary inflammation in tuberculosis (disintegration of necrotic areas of lung tissue and increased severity of inflammation of surrounding tissues), expressed not only in an increased volume of damage, but also in a significant impairment of the ventilation function of both lungs, mainly a decrease in the diffusion capacity of the pulmonary capillaries. In order to stop the progression of the process, collapse therapy (mechanical collapse) begins to be used. In this regard, the main attention is paid to mechanical methods of artificially reducing the volume of the lobe (se

Collapsotherapy (from the English collapsotherapy; collaps - collapse + therapi) is a method that is one of the components of surgical treatment for pulmonary tuberculosis. This method is performed only by surgeons. The main task of collapse therapy is to achieve one of two possible results: either a persistent reduction in the volume of lung tissue, destruction and collapse of the lung, or a reduction in the involvement of a section of lung tissue by causing artificial collapse of that segment that corresponds to the localization of the lesion. This event was described in the 30-40s of the last century by N. G. Preobrazhensky. In 1948, T.P. Krasnoborova showed the possibility of reducing tidal volume during the collapse therapy treatment of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis. The basic principle of collapse therapy is to temporarily achieve, after significant compression of the lung, its formation in a volume smaller than the volume of the cavity. This leads to a change in the liquid level of the cavity and allows it to be involved in different types of surgical intervention. Treatment with the collapse therapy method is necessary for the following pathological conditions: 1. with large-volume, fresh cavitary forms of tuberculosis requiring radical treatment, 2. with forms of the tuberculosis process containing more than 20% of destroyed lung segments, 3. in patients with multiple or bilateral localization of cavities, affecting 60% or more of the lung area.