Miovin

Country of origin - India
Pharm-Group - Antianginal agents - nitrates and nitrites

Manufacturers - Cadila Pharmaceuticals (India)
International name - Nitroglycerin
Synonyms - Gilustenon, Gilustenon forte, Deponit 10, Deponit 5, Lentonitrate, Nirmin, Nisconitrin, Nit-ret, Nitradisk, Nitrangin, Nitrangin liquidum, Nitro, Nitro Mac, Nitro Mac Ampoules, Nitro Mac retard, Nitro Pol Infuse, Nitro-dur , Nitro-nick, Nitro-time, Nitroglycer
Dosage forms - ointment 2%
Composition - Active substance - Nitroglycerin.

Indications for use: Angina pectoris (including Prinzmetal's angina), acute myocardial infarction, congestive heart failure, controlled arterial hypotension during surgical procedures, pulmonary edema (solution for injection), occlusion of the central retinal artery.

Contraindications - Hypersensitivity, hypotension, collapse, myocardial infarction with severe hypotension or collapse, cerebral hemorrhage, increased intracranial pressure, cerebral ischemia, cardiac tamponade, toxic pulmonary edema, severe aortic stenosis, angle-closure glaucoma.

Side effects - Headache, dizziness, feeling of fullness of the head, palpitations, hypotension, collapse, orthostatic hypotension, methemoglobinemia, paradoxical effects - angina attack, ischemia up to the development of myocardial infarction and sudden death; contact dermatitis (when using transdermal forms).

Interaction - Antihypertensive, antiadrenergic drugs, vasodilators, calcium antagonists, tricyclic antidepressants, MAO inhibitors, ethanol, quinidine and procainamide enhance the hypotensive and systemic vasodilating effects. ACE inhibitors and salicylates increase antianginal activity.

Overdose - Symptoms: headache, dizziness, palpitations, nausea and vomiting, hypotension, feeling hot or chills, increased sweating, dyspnea, increased intracranial pressure (brain symptoms up to the development of seizures and coma), methemoglobinemia (cyanosis). Treatment: gastric lavage, taking activated carbon, symptomatic therapy.

Special instructions - In the acute period of myocardial infarction and with the development of acute heart failure, it is prescribed under strict hemodynamic monitoring. Use with caution in aortic and mitral stenosis, in patients with hypovolemia and low blood pressure (less than 90 mm Hg). In hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, it can cause an increase in angina attacks and make them more severe. You should not chew tablets and capsules in order to stop an attack of angina pectoris, because an excess amount of the drug from destroyed microcapsules through the oral mucosa can enter the systemic circulation and cause dangerous side effects. Use with caution in elderly patients, during pregnancy and lactation (when the expected benefit to the mother outweighs the risk to the fetus and infant). It should be borne in mind that uncontrolled use can lead to the development of tolerance to nitrates, which is expressed in a decrease in the duration and severity of the effect with regular use or increasing the dose to achieve the same effect. To prevent the occurrence of resistance, intermittent dosing throughout the day or co-administration of calcium antagonists, ACE inhibitors, or diuretics is necessary. Alcohol consumption should be avoided during treatment.

Literature - Encyclopedia of Medicines 2002. Medicines, Mashkovsky M.D. ed. 14.