Placenta Bilobar

Placenta as an important organ of life for mother and fetus

The placenta is the organ that connects the mother's body to the fetus. It plays a key role in the metabolism between them and ensures the development of the fetus in the womb. However, if any problems arise with this structure, it can lead to complications and even the loss of the child. Therefore, it is very important to know and understand how the placenta works and what its functions are.

There are two types of placenta: single and bilobed. A single placenta is disc-shaped and forms in the uterus with one layer of tissue, while a double placenta

**The placenta** is an organ that connects the mother and the fetus in the womb and ensures the metabolism between them. It is one of the most important organs for the development of the child and the health of the mother. However, in some cases, the placenta can be altered or damaged, which can lead to various complications for the mother and baby. Today we'll look at one type of placenta known as a bilobed placenta.

**The placenta is bilaterally divided** or otherwise bilobed - this is a variant of the development of the placenta in which its tissue has two separate lobes. This type of placenta occurs in approximately 20% of pregnant women. The organ consists of two thin sheets of tissue that are separated by streaks of blood. Bilobed placentas can be unilateral or bilateral. In the case of a unilateral paired placenta, it can be located above or below the uterus.

This is the most common

The placenta is a special organ that is formed during pregnancy and performs the function of nutrition and respiration for the fetus. One of the main characteristics of the placenta is its shape, which can vary depending on the type of pregnancy. In this article we will look at the placenta bilobed, or bilobed placenta.

Placenta bilobed or bilobed placenta is one of the most common forms of placenta. It consists of two discs located on opposite sides of the uterus. Each disc has its own network of blood vessels and capillaries,

The term **"Placenta"** (placenta) comes from the Latin word meaning "lie", "litter". This is a temporary formation in a woman’s body, which serves as a place for attachment and development of the embryo. The placental area is divided into two lobes (one - initial, the second - lateral). Each lobe, or each of two lobes, can carry an individual load. The components of the placenta are three layers: the inner layer of the chorion, the intermediate and outer layer of the uterus from the side of the decidua.

**Bilobated placenta, that is, having two placental lobes** is a formation that represents a defect in the formation of chorionic tissue during three

Article about the bilobed placenta

The placenta, or baby's place (placenta, lat. planta - source, roots), is an organ of the interuterine region, which is formed as a result of the connection of the maternal and fetal parts of the uterus. It provides nutrition and breathing to the baby through the umbilical cord, and also protects it from infections and other harmful influences. If the biplacental (two-sided) part of the placenta is too large, it can cause fetal growth restriction and other health problems for the mother and baby. In this article, we will consider in more detail what placental bipolar formation is.

Bipolar placenta: definition. A bipolar placenta is the union of more than two fruit lobules in one organ. This phenomenon is extremely rare.

Examples are: * biplacental multiple pregnancies; * malformations of the embryo and umbilical cord;

An ultrasound can determine the presence of extra lobules, which does not happen in a singleton pregnancy. It is worth considering that a child may be born with a partial developmental anomaly or congenital defects due to pathologies of the biplacenta. At the birth of the first child, this possibility is minimal, since the woman regularly

During embryo development, the two palae of the embryo come into contact with each other and form the Siamese node. From this area the placenta (blood disc) subsequently develops.

The normal placenta is located at the anterior walls of the pelvis above the internal os of the cervix in the area of ​​the foramen ovale. The place where the placenta is attached to the uterus is called the placental junction. The length of the placenta is about 18 cm, width - 15 cm. Weight is approximately 240-350 g. The placenta contains 25% water, 55% protein and 20% fat. During a morphological study of the placenta, two of its lobes or surfaces are distinguished. According to B.I. Zheleznov, they are distinguished: bilobed (bilobatum), with the main lobe of the placenta separated from the second by a wide septum; bipartite (bipartitum), when the main lobe is divided by a septum, forming two separate lobes. Based on ultrasound findings, a 46-year-old patient was diagnosed with placental anemia of a bilobar placenta, which was consistent with the presence of a normal larger lobe and much smaller variants of a normally located lobe. This disease is usually treated by surgically removing most of the placenta if normal placental remnants are present during pregnancy. But in order to determine the extent of degenerative changes in the placenta that caused anemia, a series of examinations were carried out. The next stage was amniocentesis and biopsy of placental tissue through a puncture of the abdominal wall. Tissue samples had to be subjected to cytological and histological examination. To rule out infection of the placenta, the patient underwent appropriate blood and urine tests. After receiving the examination results, the patient was referred for a planned cesarean section. During surgery, placenta samples were obtained for further study. Shortly thereafter, the patient began to react to factors associated with recombinant hepatitis B virus and had to stop antiretroviral therapy and attempt HBV treatment in the hospital. After some time, the condition worsened, signs of liver failure appeared, which led to an urgent transfusion of donor blood components. Immediately after the operation, a rapid test for Rh antibodies was performed, and a sample of placental tissue was sent for cytological examination, which showed the presence of a tumor-like component in a smaller proportion of the placenta and formations simulating rheumatoid cells in cells also in a smaller proportion of the placenta and formations simulating lymphoid reactive cells. Placental and hematological aplasia and two accessory veins along the large lobe on histological examination gave serious reasons to doubt the patient’s health.

It was decided to immediately perform an operative delivery and remove the placenta along with the remaining part of the umbilical cord. The patient continued to receive intravenous infusions of blood products,