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Sakta is the loss of organs’ ability to sense and move due to severe blockage that occurs in the ventricles of the brain and in the passages of the sensory and moving pneuma. If at the same time the instruments of movement and breathing also do not work or are weakened, then breathing becomes difficult, foam even appears on the lips and the patient breathes intermittently, as if the uterus is being strangled, or wheezing appears. This is a more severe case, indicating a weakening of the force moving the respiratory organs. It is most difficult when there is no breathing, no foam, no wheezing. If the damage to the breath is not too great and what is poured down the patient’s throat goes inside and does not come out through the nose, then although this is more reassuring than the previous form, it is also not without great danger. Hippocrates says: If the sacta is strong, then the patient will not recover, and if it is weak, then it is not easy to cure him. Such blockages occur either from closure or from overflow. Closure is a phenomenon where the brain reaches something that causes it pain or irritation, and the brain makes a squeezing movement to get away from it. And sometimes the quality that reaches the brain has a compressive and condensing nature by its nature, such as, for example, extreme cold.

As for overflow, it is either overflow that forms a tumor, or overflow that does not form a tumor. The congestion that forms a tumor is when matter appears in the brain and becomes obstructed due to congestion or stretching. This applies to severe types of sakta, no matter whether the matter is hot or cold. And overflow without tumor is most common; it can take place either in the brain itself or close to it - in the pathways where pneuma leaves the brain, or in those passages through which pneuma enters the brain.

When the overflow occurs in the passages of the pneuma in the brain, they are filled either with blood juice, which suddenly pours into the ventricles of the brain, or with mucous juice; this predominates and occurs most often. The congestion that takes place in the passages of the pneuma in the brain occurs when the arteries and veins are clogged from the abundance of blood and are greatly overfilled with it, so that there is no passage left for the pneuma, when the patient immediately begins to choke and the ability of sensation and movement decreases as well, as in ligating the carotid arteries; if something like this happens from any bodily cause, it produces the same effect. These are the varieties and causes of sakta.

Sometimes, when speaking sakta, they mean paralysis that extends to both halves of the body, although parts of the face remain healthy, and sometimes relaxation of one half of the body is called sakta of that half. This is found in the sayings of Hippocrates. It also happens that a person is struck by sakta, and he cannot be distinguished from the dead. He shows no breathing or any other sign of life, but then he revives and recovers. We have seen many people in this state: their breathing was not noticeable and their pulse dropped completely. Apparently, in such people, the innate warmth does not particularly require increased breathing for refreshment and expulsion of smoky vapor, because cooling occurs in them. Therefore, it is preferable to postpone the burial of the uncertainly dead until their condition becomes clear, that is, no less than seventy-two hours. In most cases, sakta resolves with paralysis. This is explained by the fact that if nature is powerless to expel matter from both halves of the body, it expels it into the weaker and more susceptible half and sends it into the cavities of the passages, removing it from the brain and its ventricles. Evidence that in case of sakta the blockage involves all the ventricles of the brain is the following: if the blockage took place only in the posterior ventricle, then the front of the head and face should not lose sensation.

Hippocrates says: A person who, in the midst of perfect health, suddenly feels pain in the head and then is struck on the spot by sacta and wheezing appears, he will die before the end of the seventh day, unless he has a fever. With fever, there is hope for recovery, because fever dissolves excess. Know that for the most part, Sakta affects people whose age, physique and regime predispose them to a damp nature, especially if, along with humidity, there is also coldness. If sakta occurs in persons with a hot and dry nature, then this is a serious case, because a disease contrary to nature arises only from an important cause. Sometimes the nature of the body is so far from it that it does not tolerate illness. Sakta rarely occurs from warmth. If the matter of paralysis spreads into both halves of the body, then it causes sakta, just as the matter of sakta, when forced into one half of the body, causes paralysis. The causes of sakta are mostly rooted in both posterior ventricles. If fever appears during sakta, then in most cases there is a tumor. People who need copious amounts of bloodletting due to the blackness of the blood and who benefit from such bloodletting end up suffering from it and getting sick with sakta and similar ailments.

Predisposition to sakta seizures. The use of acute drugs accelerates the attack, causing immobile juices to move rapidly. We have already spoken about the harbingers of sakta; read about them where it is said.

Signs. The difference between sakta and hibernation is that the person affected by sakta wheezes and his breathing is damaged, but during hibernation this does not happen; hibernation is gradually transferred from deep sleep, and with sakta everything happens suddenly. Sakta in most cases is preceded by headache, swelling of the neck veins, dizziness, sadar, darkening in the eyes, twitching throughout the body, the patient grinds his teeth in his sleep, feels lethargic and heaviness in the head. His urine is often verdigris-colored or black and contains sediment in the form of films or bran.

As for accidents due to brain damage, as well as from a blow or a fall, or the complicity of any organ, you will learn about this from the basics that we have repeatedly repeated to you. If sakta arises from a tumor, then it does not do without some fever, and it is preceded by signs of tumors, which we also talked about.

In cases of blood overflow, this is indicated by the repeatedly mentioned signs of an abundance of blood. At the same time, the face turns red, the eyes are also very red, the neck veins and other vessels in the neck are full and tense. Another sign is that the patient has not had his blood drawn for a long time and has previously taken food that generates a lot of blood. If sakta arises from mucus, then a sign of this is the entire appearance of the patient, the color of the eyes, the moisture of the nostrils, and other things that have already been mentioned. If an old person develops constant or frequently recurring dizziness, then this portends a sakta.

Treatment. As for the treatment of sakta arising from external damage, it consists of taking measures against this external cause. If the attack is caused by the participation of any organ, then the complicit organ is treated with the means that you have already been told about in the basic rules, as well as in other paragraphs. When bleeding occurs, it is treated by immediately opening the blood and releasing a lot of blood; then the patient immediately comes to his senses. After the bloodletting, an enema is given using means known to you, so that the matter descends from the head. The patient is prescribed a light regimen and limits his diet to rose water, liquid decoction of barley and the juice of soaked bread, and also allows him to sniff substances that strengthen the brain, but do not warm it, which you also already know.

As for Sakta arising from mucus, if there are also signs of plethora, you need to bleed, then do a strong enema and insert powerful suppositories into the anus, which contain various gums and ox bile. Then the patient is given something to drink that easily goes down the throat; Of the reliably effective pills, furbiyun pills are produced. •After this, warming compresses are intensively applied to the head and other parts of the patient’s body, and they are also poured with water in which warming herbs such as dill, wormwood, marjoram, citron leaves, pulegian mint, thyme, hyssop, melilot, sa 'tar and yarrow, or oils having the properties of these herbs, and oil of rue; sometimes they pour on oil in which saliva, beaver stream, opopanax and galbanum have been infused, and lubricate the whole body with olive oil and sulfur. If the compresses include cloves, melegetian pepper, nutmeg, nutmeg and calamus, this is good. The patient's feet are rubbed with hot warming oil and hot water with salt, and Maya resin and white lily oil are rubbed into the spine area. Mustard, sagapen, beaver stream and furbiyun are applied to the base of the spinal cord.

Good oils for such patients include oil of mad cucumber, oil of rue, and oil of sea onion, prepared with old olive oil, either by soaking fresh sea onions in it  for forty days, or by boiling it; At the same time, they take old olive oil near the bush and sea onions - two ukiyahs - and boil it in oil until it is boiled. Saliva extract oil prepared in these two ways also works well. Whatever oil you use, it is better to thicken it with wax so that it stays in one place and does not spread. You should start with the weakest rubbings, and if they do not work, strengthen them or move on to stronger ones. It’s a good idea after emptying with enemas and other methods to bring strong oils to the patient’s nose, means that cause strong sneezing, or heat an iron and hold it near the patient’s head, and also apply absorbable medicinal bandages known to you.

If you can induce vomiting in the patient by inserting a bird feather dipped in iris or olive oil into the throat, especially if the stomach is expected to be full and there has been indigestion before, this is of great benefit. Vomiting has another benefit; when patients struggle and try to vomit, this warms the nature of the head of those whose sakta is cold and damp. It is necessary to facilitate the exit of the winds with the help of something that brings them out; this makes patients feel relieved; You should also quickly put the hair ball mentioned above into the patient’s mouth so that the teeth do not get damaged from rubbing against each other. When the patient vomits a little, you need to give him castor oil, boiled with rue juice, first every day for two dirhams with an infusion of well-known roots, then gradually increase the amount to five dirhams a day. If possible, then after emptying, you need to inject into the patient’s throat about one bunduki of teryak, mithridate, shalisa, anacardiya, shajazaniyya and the like, and for simple medicines - a misqal of beaver stream with honey-sweetened water and honey sikanjubin, or give an amount of sagapen to drink one bakilla. Their drink is water sweetened with honey, pure or with spices, which is given as much as needed.

When you see that the patient is feeling better, prescribe rinses, sneezing inducers, and place jars on the back of the head and on the occipital fossa, with or without an incision, depending on the material. The patient is then pushed on a swing. After three weeks, bathe it in the bathhouse, and on the day of bathing, rub it with warming oils. Useful rinses that should be used after general cleansing include a decoction of thyme, pulegian mint, satar, hyssop and similar medicines in vinegar with the addition of honey, as well as beet juice in which saliva, larkspur, thyme and sumac were boiled. This remedy is more powerful than this: they take pepper, long pepper, ginger, larkspur, bavrac, rose and sumac, pound them and knead them in maybukhtaj. They make candles from this dough and chew them, or gargle with it, diluting it in a decoction of hyssop and mastic. The effect will be close to this if you take pepper, marjoram and mustard, each individually or together. Medicines such as rose and sumac are mixed with them - this is a must. Calamus is one of the useful remedies in this case; it has a strong effect.

Those suffering from sakta are helped by rubbing with hot oils, which can strengthen the pneuma and nerve substance located in the nerves and dissolve excesses and have a gentle effect. These are, for example, iris oil, then - marjoram, chamomile, dill and aromatic rush oil; It is especially useful to lubricate the head with it, for in relation to the head one should rely on it. It is best if the oil has absorbed the power of hyssop, camapa, mint, thyme and similar substances.

The food of those suffering from epilepsy should be lighter than the food of those suffering from epilepsy. It is best to limit yourself to just bread in the morning; eating bread with dried figs is good for them.

Drinking after a meal is most harmful. When they want to have dinner, it is a good idea to first do some light exercise and move their relaxed organs a little. It is not good to go to bed soon after dinner; It’s better to wait until the food comes down and is somewhat digested.

Those suffering from sakta should also not spend much time without sleep, since wakefulness agitates the brain and raises undigested fumes from food, as it interferes with digestion. Some consider barley with lentils beneficial for such patients; raisins, almonds and figs are suitable snacks for them. Young wine is not suitable for them, because it contains a lot of excess, and old wine - because it quickly penetrates the brain and fills it; The most suitable wine for them is medium. If someone affected by sakta begins to feel feverish, then one should wait until the matter is clarified: sometimes this is a sign of a crisis; you have to wait up to seventy-two hours. If this is not so, and the fever is caused by swelling and putrefaction, it is fatal. Know that sakta and paralysis narrow the passages, therefore, emptying drugs can hardly remove the matter that causes these particular diseases.