Tenon's Capsule

Tenon's capsule (Capsula Tenoni) is a structure in the human body that plays an important role in maintaining the stability of muscles and joints. It is named after the French anatomist and surgeon Jean-Raphaël Tenon, who first described it in the 18th century.

Tenon's capsule is a thin membrane that surrounds muscles and joints. It consists of two layers: internal (fibrous) and external (synovial). The inner layer is made of dense connective tissue, and the outer layer is made of synovial membrane, which secretes fluid to lubricate the joints.

The main function of Tenon's capsule is to provide stability and protection to the joints. It holds the muscles and tendons around the joints, which prevents them from moving and allows the muscles to function normally. In addition, the Tenon capsule protects the joints from injury and damage.

However, with age, Tenon's capsule can become less elastic and more prone to rupture. This can lead to various diseases such as tendinosis, tendonitis and tendinopathy. Therefore, it is important to monitor the condition of Tenon’s capsule and, if necessary, treat it.

There are several treatment options for Tenon's capsule, including physical therapy, hyaluronic acid injections, and surgery. However, the most effective method is physical therapy, which includes exercises aimed at strengthening muscles and improving their mobility.

Overall, Tenon's capsule plays an important role in maintaining healthy muscles and joints, and its condition can affect a person's quality of life. Therefore, if you are experiencing problems with Tenon's capsule, do not hesitate to consult a doctor for diagnosis and treatment.

Tenon's capsule is an anatomical structure first discovered by Jean-Richard Tenon in 1754. Tenon's capsule is a thin connective tissue plate located between the sternocleidomastoid muscle and the upper bone of the chest on the side of the spinal column. The anatomical structure was named after the French anatomist and surgeon Jean Ramon Tenonim.

According to scientific research, Tenon's capsule plays an important role in the processes of sound formation and preservation of the vocal apparatus. In addition, many studies associate this anatomical structure and its changes with various diseases of the voice-forming apparatus (pseudobulbar dysarthria, dysphonia, etc.). In this regard, Tenon’s capsule began to be considered as a certain “biological premise” for speech therapy processes and articulatory gymnastics. Violations of this anatomical structure lead to altered vibration and sound of the voice, causing rapid fatigue of the vocal cords, a feeling of constriction and a lump in the throat.

The exact function of Tenon's capsule has not been established, but it plays a major role in coordinating the movements of sound by feeding on nerves originating from ganglia located in the anterior upper part of the esophagus and in the muscles of the pharynx. This anatomical feature, in some cases, causes the vocal cords to go into spasm due to the uneven activity of the muscle fibers located near this capsule. Hence the symptomatic picture of dysfunction of the respiratory and vocal apparatus.

In children, the diagnosis of pseudoblubar dysarthyria may sound different - a violation of the innervation of the muscles of the soft palate and uvula, so the child hears an unusual, unclear, incomprehensible timbre of sounds. These features are visible in speech and intonation in children from an early age.