Why do we get sick?

Where did diseases come from and why do we get sick? We sincerely wish all our readers health, but you still need to know about diseases, so we’ll talk about them...

What is a disease

Disease is a process that occurs as a result of exposure of the body to a harmful stimulus from the external or internal environment, characterized by a decrease in the adaptability of a living organism to the external environment while simultaneously mobilizing its protective forces. The disease is manifested by an imbalance of the body with the environment, expressed in the occurrence of adverse (inappropriate) reactions, and in a person - a decrease in his ability to work for the duration of the disease.

Disease factors

The causes of diseases are varied, but they can all be grouped:

1. mechanical
2. physical
3. chemical
4. biological
5. psychogenic

Any of these factors causes a disease state if it is unusual for the body. Inadequacy can be quantitative (the amount of the stimulus is excessive for the body), qualitative (the body is affected by a factor in relation to the quality of which the body has not developed protective-adaptive mechanisms), temporary (a quantitatively and qualitatively adequate stimulus acts for a long time or at such intervals of time and in a rhythm that is unusual for the organism) and depending on the individual properties of a given organism (that is, determined by the individual reactivity of a given organism in the form of increased sensitivity). In modern understanding, the disease is characterized by the following main features.

Features of the disease

1. Influence of external and social environment

In the development of the disease, the leading role is played by the external environment, and for humans, primarily by the social one. Changes in the internal properties of the body, caused by environmental factors and firmly fixed (including by hereditary mechanisms), can themselves subsequently play a leading role in the occurrence of the disease.

2. Psychogenic factor

In addition to the etiological factor (that is, the cause of the disease) and external conditions, the body’s protective and adaptive mechanisms are of great importance in the development of the disease. The development of the disease largely depends on the perfection of these mechanisms, the volume and speed of their inclusion in the pathological process. In humans, the development and course of the disease is greatly influenced by the psychogenic factor.

3. Disease is the suffering of the whole organism

There are no organs and tissues completely isolated by disease, that is, local diseases. With any disease, the entire body is involved to a greater or lesser extent, which does not exclude the presence of a primary lesion in one or another organ or part of the body.

Depending on the duration of the course and the speed of increase and disappearance of the manifestations of the disease, acute and chronic are distinguished. The addition of additional changes to the main manifestations of the disease that are not related to the immediate cause of the disease, but develop as a result of its course, is called a complication. It can occur at the height of the disease and after its main manifestations have passed.

Complications aggravate the disease and sometimes cause an unfavorable outcome. The outcome of the disease can be: complete recovery, recovery with residual effects, persistent changes in organs, sometimes the emergence of new forms of the disease in the form of long-term consequences and death. Death as the end of the disease can occur suddenly, after a short agony, or gradually, through a more or less prolonged agonal state.

Classification of diseases

Classification of human diseases is carried out according to the nature of the course:

1. spicy
2. chronic diseases

by etiological factor:

1. caused by mechanical
2. physical
3. chemical
4. biological
5. psychogenic factors

according to the method of their treatment:

1. therapeutic
2. surgical, etc.

It should be noted that none of the existing classifications of diseases is completely satisfactory.

But at the same time, there is a generally accepted classification of diseases:

1. Internal diseases (ter