Cytidine phosphate

Cytidine phosphates (from Latin citidinus - cytidine) - cytidine derivatives (2-amino-4,5-bis-O-ribofuranosyl-1,3-dihydro-5-hydroxypurine), containing from one to three phosphoric acid residues. Participate in the biosynthesis of phospholipids. These include cytidine monophosphate (CMP), cytidine diphosphate (CIDP), cytidine triphosphate and cytidine 3',5'-monophosphate.

Cytidine monophosphate is one of the key components in nucleic acid metabolism. It is involved in the synthesis of ribonucleic acid (RNA) and deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), as well as in the transfer of genetic information in the cell.

The synthesis of CMP occurs as a result of the reaction between cytidine and phosphoribonucleotide, which is formed from uridine and a ribose residue. CMP can then be used to synthesize other nucleotides such as adenosine monophosphate, guanosine monophosphate, or thymidine monophosphate. In addition, CMF is involved in the regulation of the activity of certain enzymes associated with the metabolism of nucleic acids and other biochemical processes.

Lipid biosynthesis also involves cytidine phosphomonoamines (cytidine-5'-phosphomonoamine), which are intermediate products in the synthesis of phosphatidylinositol.

The cytidine molecule contains one phosphoric acid residue and ribose attached to it as part of the ribose sugar. Cytidine is an important participant in the biosynthesis of phospholipids. It plays a key role in the transfer of amino groups between ribose phospholipids (Fig. 1) and amino acids for protein synthesis. Serine and glycine are the two main amino group carriers. Thanks to Ribose-1-carboline, a ribose derivative that acts as a cofactor, serine catalyzes aminotransferase (EC 2.6.1.). Thus, cytidine acts as the main donor of RNH*2, which is connected to the amino group of the amino acid in serine. The bond between cytidine and the α-carboxyl group of amino acid residues such as Thr, Glu and Asp form purine N-glycosidic bridges, which stabilize the structure of the phospholipid molecule. Figure 1. Assembly of a phospholipid workshop unit using cytidine.