Enterology

Enterology (from ancient Greek ἔντερον - intestine and λόγος - study) is a branch of gastroenterology that studies diseases of the small and large intestine.

Enterology is an important branch of internal medicine and gastroenterology. The main objectives of enterology are the study of the etiology, pathogenesis, clinical picture, diagnosis, treatment and prevention of diseases of the small and large intestine.

Diseases of the small intestine that enterology studies include: enteritis, malabsorption, irritable bowel syndrome, Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis, celiac disease and others.

Diseases of the colon include: colitis, colon polyposis, diverticulosis, colon cancer and other pathologies.

To diagnose diseases of the small and large intestine, enterology uses laboratory and instrumental methods: blood and stool tests, endoscopy, ultrasound, computed tomography and others.

Treatment of intestinal diseases includes diet therapy, drug therapy, and surgical methods.

Thus, enterology is a fundamental discipline that studies the structure, functions and pathology of the small and large intestines, as well as methods for diagnosing and treating intestinal diseases.

Enterology is one of the important areas of medicine that studies the internal organs of the human digestive system and its diseases. This term comes from two Greek words (έντερον) that are translated as intestines and science.

Like any other science, enterology studies the structure and functions of the internal organs of the digestive system, and also examines the causes and methods of treating various diseases associated with these organs. Enterologists carry out diagnostics, establish a diagnosis, provide treatment and give recommendations for the prevention of diseases of the gastrointestinal tract.

Enterological diseases can be caused by various factors, such as poor diet, alcohol consumption, smoking, poor hygiene, stress, genetic predisposition and many others. Diseases such as gastritis, stomach ulcers, dysbiosis, colitis, food poisoning, heartburn, constipation, diarrhea and others can only be diagnosed and treated by enterologists.

One of the basic principles of therapy in a hospital setting is adherence to a gentle diet. Including high-calorie liquid and pureed food. The diet excludes fresh whole milk, limits the amount of vegetable oils, bread, and foods that irritate the mucous membrane (sweet, spicy, sour and spicy snacks). Stimulants of the central nervous system, alcohol, coffee, strong tea and chocolate are prohibited. The food is varied, fortified, and limited in volume.

The goals of diet therapy are determined individually, after conducting a diagnostic minimum. After a course of chemoradiotherapy, it is advisable to carry out rehabilitation nutrition. Its duration depends on the previous treatment program. Changes that are being introduced in the food system include factors such as the frequency and quantity of food intake, the composition of the diet and the culinary processing of foods. An important principle of a rehabilitation diet is to provide energy along with fluid, a certain amount of protein in the diet and chemical composition. In this regard, additional attention is paid to the multicomponent structure of dishes, which also includes a protein component. To reduce intoxication, stimulants of the secretion of digestive glands (spices, table salt, spices, gingerbread, baked goods, canned food) are removed from food; they are sharply limited during artificial treatment of stomach cancer or are not included in the diet after surgical treatment. In the chronic course of the process, the main parameter is the frequency of meals. The frequency of dietary nutrition is consistent with the physiological daily cycle.