Hemothorax Medium

Hemothorax is the accumulation of blood in the pleural cavity. It may be hemorrhage from a damaged vessel (primary hemorthorax), or bleeding into the cavity caused by a penetrating wound or trauma to the chest (secondary hemorthorax). There are hemopneumothorax (hemothorax with bleeding and damage to the lung), hemosinus (mediastinum without damage to the pleura, hempericardium (cardiac lining with accumulation of blood). Combined damage to the choroid of the lung tissue is also possible (for example, with spontaneous embolism through the inferior vena cava, rupture of the pulmonary vessel, pulmonary infarction). Any hemothorax must be distinguished from penetrating wounds of the chest with irritation of the pleural layers, since in them bleeding into the pleural cavity is secondary due to injury to the vessels innervating the pleura. With hemothorax, pneumothorax may occur when the air during inhalation is compressed by fluid and causes hypoxic disorders. Emphysema, which occurs with a sharp contraction of pleural pressure on the concave surface of the lung, is not persistent and quickly disappears, leaving an encysted accumulation of air.